Shloka 45

बभ्रुवाहन-धनंजययोः संग्रामः

Babhruvāhana and Dhanaṃjaya’s engagement at Maṇipūra

Devanagari script

दुःशला चापि तान्‌ योधान्‌ निवार्य महतो रणात्‌ | सम्पूज्य पार्थ प्रययौ गृहानेव शुभानना

Transliteration

Duḥśalā cāpi tān yodhān nivārya mahato raṇāt | sampūjya Pārtha prayayau gṛhān eva śubhānanā ||

Translation

毗湿摩耶那说：杜沙罗亦然，她制止众武士投入那场大战，礼敬帕尔塔（阿周那）后便启程离去——面容吉祥——返回家中。此段彰显合乎达摩的转向：远离无谓的流血，以敬勇而不延仇。

Word by Word

• दुःशला: Duhshala
• दुःशला: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःशला
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• तान्: those
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• योधान्: warriors
• योधान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: योद्धृ (योध)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• निवार्य: having restrained/turned back
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-√वृ (वर्तते/वृणोति) → निवारयति
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (causative base implied)

• महतः: from the great
• महतः: Apadana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• रणात्: battle
• रणात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• सम्पूज्य: having honored/praised
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-√पूज् (पूजयति)
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada

• पार्थम्: Partha (Arjuna)
• पार्थम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रययौ: went/departed
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√या (याति)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), Perfect (completed past), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• गृहान्: to (her) home(s)
• गृहान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• इव: as if/like
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• शुभानना: she of auspicious/beautiful face
• शुभानना: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ-आनन
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Duḥśalā
• Arjuna (Pārtha)
• warriors (yodhāḥ)
• home (gṛha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights dharmic restraint: even amid martial circumstances, one should prevent unnecessary escalation, honor worthy opponents, and choose withdrawal over futile violence when the ethical aim has been met.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duḥśalā intervenes to pull back her side’s warriors from a major clash; she then respectfully honors Arjuna and returns home, signaling a de-escalation and a courteous closure to the confrontation.