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Shloka 22

Uttanka’s Inquiry and Vāsudeva’s Adhyātma Exposition

Guṇa–Ritual–Immanence Teaching

त्वया शक्तेन हि सता मिथ्याचारेण माधव । ते परीताः कुरुश्रेष्ठा नश्यन्तः सम ह्ुपेक्षिता:

tvayā śaktena hi satā mithyācāreṇa mādhava | te parītāḥ kuruśreṣṭhā naśyantaḥ sam-upekṣitāḥ ||

噢,摩达婆啊,纵然你全然有能力,却仍走上了虚伪不正之途。库鲁族中最杰出的那些人,在战场上四面受围而尽遭毁灭——而你却冷眼旁观,漠然无动于衷。唉,此事何其令人悲痛!

त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Tritiya, Eka
शक्तेनbeing able/capable
शक्तेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्त
FormPum, Tritiya, Eka
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सताbeing (so), existing; (here) while being
सता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्
FormPum, Tritiya, Eka
मिथ्या-आचारेणby false conduct/false practice
मिथ्या-आचारेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमिथ्याचार
FormPum, Tritiya, Eka
माधवO Mādhava
माधव:
TypeNoun
Rootमाधव
FormPum, Sambodhana, Eka
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormPum, Prathama, Bahu
परीताःsurrounded/encircled
परीताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि-इ (परीत)
FormPum, Prathama, Bahu
कुरुश्रेष्ठाःthe best of the Kurus
कुरुश्रेष्ठाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुश्रेष्ठ
FormPum, Prathama, Bahu
नश्यन्तःperishing/being destroyed
नश्यन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनश्
FormVartamana, Bahu, Parasmaipada, Shatru (present active participle), Pum, Prathama
सम्completely/altogether
सम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्
उपेक्षिताःneglected/overlooked
उपेक्षिताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप-ईक्ष् (उपेक्षित)
FormBhutakāla (resultative), Bahu, Karmani, Kta (past passive participle), Pum, Prathama

उत्तडुक उवाच

M
Mādhava (Kṛṣṇa)
K
Kuruśreṣṭhāḥ (foremost Kurus)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical accusation: capability entails responsibility. If one has the power to prevent harm, choosing a deceptive or improper course and remaining indifferent to others' destruction is portrayed as morally blameworthy.

Uttaṅka addresses Kṛṣṇa (Mādhava) with reproach, lamenting that despite Kṛṣṇa's power, the foremost Kuru warriors were surrounded and perished in the war, and Kṛṣṇa is accused of having neglected them and followed a questionable strategy or conduct.