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Shloka 8

अनुशासनपर्व अध्याय ९३ — तपस्, सदोपवास, विघसाशन, अतिथिप्रियता

Austerity, regulated fasting, residual-eating, and hospitality

पित्रा विवदमानश्व यस्य चोपपतिर्गृहि । अभिशस्तस्तथा स्तेन: शिल्पं यश्षोपजीवति

pitrā vivadamānaś ca yasya copapatir gṛhe | abhiśastas tathā stenaḥ śilpaṃ yaś copajīvati ||

毗湿摩说道:常与父亲争讼不休者;其家中藏有私通情夫者;被众人公开指控(犯重罪)者;同样还有盗贼;以及以卑贱技艺为生者——这些人被举为行止在伦理上染污、为社会所讥斥之辈,因此在托付信任与依达摩结交之事上,当加以回避。

पित्राby/with the father
पित्रा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विवदमानःquarrelling/disputing
विवदमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootविवद् (वि+वद्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यस्यwhose/of whom
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपपतिःparamour/illicit lover
उपपतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गृहिhouseholder
गृहि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगृहिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभिशस्तःaccused/denounced
अभिशस्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि+शंस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाlikewise/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
स्तेनःthief
स्तेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्तेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शिल्पम्craft/occupation
शिल्पम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिल्प
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपजीवतिlives by/earns a living from
उपजीवति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप+जीव्
FormPresent, Third, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
F
father (pitṛ)
U
upapati (paramour)
T
thief (stena)

Educational Q&A

The verse lists behaviors and conditions that mark a person as socially and morally unreliable—disrespect toward one’s father, sexual impropriety within the household, public accusation of serious wrongdoing, theft, and disreputable livelihood—implying that dharmic life requires careful choice of conduct and association.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma in the Anuśāsana Parva, he enumerates categories of censured persons as part of a broader ethical discourse on character, reputation, and whom one should avoid trusting or associating with.