Shloka 4
दानफलप्रकरणम् — उपानहदानं, तिलदानं, भूमिदानं, गोदानं, अन्नदानं च
Gifts and Their Stated Results: Footwear, Sesame, Land, Cows, and Food
Devanagari script
यावद् भूमेरायुरिह तावद् भूमिद एधते । न भूमिदानादस्तीह परं किंचिद् युधिष्ठिर
Transliteration
yāvad bhūmer āyur iha tāvad bhūmida edhate | na bhūmidānād astīha paraṁ kiñcid yudhiṣṭhira ||
Translation
毗湿摩说道：“由提施提罗啊，只要大地在此世间长存，施地之人便将同样长久地兴盛。在这世上，没有任何施与高过施地。”
Word by Word
यावत्as long as
यावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत्
Formcorrelative adverb (yāvat–tāvat construction)
भूमेःof the earth
भूमेः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
Formfeminine, genitive, singular
आयुःlifespan, duration
आयुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
Formindeclinable
तावत्so long, that long
तावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतावत्
Formcorrelative adverb (yāvat–tāvat construction)
भूमिदःgiver of land
भूमिदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमिद
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
एधतेprospers, thrives
एधते:
TypeVerb
Rootएध्
Formpresent tense (laṭ), 3rd person, singular, Ātmanepada
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
Formnegation
भूमिदानात्than the gift of land
भूमिदानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभूमिदान
Formneuter, ablative, singular
अस्तिthere is
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formpresent tense (laṭ), 3rd person, singular, Parasmaipada
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
Formindeclinable
परम्greater, beyond
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
Formneuter, accusative, singular (used adverbially/comparatively: 'beyond/greater')
किम्what
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular (in 'kiñcit')
चित्ever/any (particle)
चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित्
Formenclitic particle forming indefinites
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BhīṣmaY
YudhiṣṭhiraB
Bhūmi (Earth/land)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Bhīṣma teaches that gifting land is the highest form of charity because it sustains life and livelihood; its merit and the donor’s prosperity are said to endure as long as the earth itself endures.
In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on dharma and gifts, Bhīṣma addresses King Yudhiṣṭhira and ranks forms of dāna, declaring bhūmidāna (gift of land) as unsurpassed.