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Shloka 31

Śulka, Kanyā, and Dauhitra-Riktha: Discourse on Bride-Price and Inheritance Rights (शुल्क-कन्या-दौहित्र-रिक्थविचारः)

लक्षणं लक्षणेनैव वदनं वदनेन च । विधाय न मया चोक्तं सत्यमेतद्‌ गुरोस्तथा

lakṣaṇaṁ lakṣaṇenaiva vadanaṁ vadanena ca | vidhāya na mayā coktaṁ satyam etad guros tathā ||

毗湿摩说道:“我的诸根与她的诸根相合,我的口亦与她的口相接。然而,即便做了这般不当之事——虽是为护我师之妻——我仍未将此真相告知我的老师。”

लक्षणम्mark/characteristic (sense-organ here)
लक्षणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलक्षण
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
लक्षणेनby/with (my) mark/sense-organ
लक्षणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलक्षण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वदनम्mouth/face
वदनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवदन
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वदनेनby/with (my) mouth/face
वदनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवदन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विधायhaving done/after doing
विधाय:
TypeVerb
Rootधा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here), having done/after doing
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उक्तम्said/told
उक्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सत्यम्truth/true (thing)
सत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
गुरोःof the teacher/guru
गुरोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तथाthus/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
G
guru (teacher)
G
guru-patni (teacher’s wife)

Educational Q&A

Even when an act is motivated by protection or duty, one must examine its propriety and be accountable; withholding truth from one’s guru (or moral authority) becomes an ethical failing, highlighting the tension between intention, action, and truthfulness.

Bhishma recalls an episode in which, to safeguard his teacher’s wife, he entered her body in a subtle manner, resulting in an intimate joining of faculties (senses and mouth). He admits that despite this questionable act, he did not disclose the full truth to his teacher.