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Shloka 4

तीर्थवंशोपदेशः

Tīrtha-vaṃśa Upadeśa: Instruction on the Fruits of Sacred Waters

लड़घितं चावलीढं च कलिपूर्व च यत्‌ कृतम्‌ रजस्वलाभिदृष्टं च तं भागं रक्षसां विदु:

bhīṣma uvāca | laṅghitaṃ cāvalīḍhaṃ ca kalipūrvaṃ ca yat kṛtam | rajasvalābhidṛṣṭaṃ ca taṃ bhāgaṃ rakṣasāṃ viduḥ ||

毗湿摩说道:被人跨越过的食物、被舔过的食物、在争吵与纷争中烹制的食物,乃至仅被经期女子目光所及的食物——这样的份额都被认为属于罗刹(rākṣasa)。

लङ्घितम्stepped over, transgressed
लङ्घितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootलङ्घ्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवलीढम्licked
अवलीढम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअव-लिह्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कलि-पूर्वम्preceded by quarrel/strife
कलि-पूर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकलि + पूर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यत्which/that
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
कृतम्made, prepared, done
कृतम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
रजस्वला-अभिदृष्टम्looked at by a menstruating woman
रजस्वला-अभिदृष्टम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरजस्वला + अभि-दृष्ट
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, क्त (in दृष्टम्)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तम्that
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भागम्share/portion (of food/offerings)
भागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रक्षसाम्of the demons/rakshasas
रक्षसाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
विदुःthey know/consider
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
R
Rakshasas
F
food/portion (bhāga)
M
menstruating woman (rajasvalā)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that food becomes unfit when tainted by disrespect (stepped over), contamination (licked), discord (prepared amid quarrel), or certain ritual conditions (seen by a menstruating woman). Such food is deemed outside the sphere of dharmic consumption—symbolically assigned to rākṣasas—so one should avoid offering or eating it.

In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma and proper conduct. Here he lists specific kinds of food considered impure and therefore not to be eaten or offered, framing the rule through the traditional idea that such tainted portions belong to rākṣasas.