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Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 45

भीष्मस्योत्तरायणप्रतीक्षा तथा युधिष्ठिरागमनम् | Bhīṣma’s uttarāyaṇa moment and Yudhiṣṭhira’s arrival

सनत्कुमारप्रमुखास्तिष्ठन्ति तपसान्विता: । तस्मात्‌ स वाग्मी धर्मज्ञो नमस्यो द्विजपुज्रवा:

sanatkumārapramukhās tiṣṭhanti tapasānvitāḥ | tasmāt sa vāgmī dharmajño namasyo dvijapuṅgavaḥ ||

善达库玛罗(Sanatkumāra)及诸位最上首的圣仙,皆具苦行之力而安住。是故,噢最胜之二生者,当恒常顶礼那位善辩而知法的主宰——应向祂致以至敬之礼;因为礼敬遍满一切的至上神,能成就最高之法,而由祂所化生的诸圣仙,亦常为世间福祉而不息修苦行。

सनत्कुमारप्रमुखाःthose headed by Sanatkumāra
सनत्कुमारप्रमुखाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसनत्कुमार-प्रमुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तिष्ठन्तिstand / remain
तिष्ठन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (तिष्ठ)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अन्विताःendowed (with)
अन्विताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्वित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्मात्therefore / from that reason
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
सःhim
सः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाग्मीeloquent
वाग्मी:
TypeAdjective
Rootवाग्मिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मज्ञःknower of dharma
धर्मज्ञः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नमस्यःworthy of salutation
नमस्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनमस्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विजपुङ्गवO best of the twice-born (brāhmaṇa)
द्विजपुङ्गव:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज-पुङ्गव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

ईश्वर उवाच

S
Sanatkumāra
ṛṣis (sages)
V
Vāsudeva (implied by the passage’s context)
P
Paramēśvara (the Supreme Lord, implied)
D
dvijapuṅgava (addressed Brahmin/elite twice-born listener)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the highest dharma is attained through reverent devotion to the Supreme—who is eloquent and perfectly knows dharma—and that the exemplary austerities of sages like Sanatkumāra model steadfast spiritual discipline; therefore, one should continually offer salutations to that Lord.

Īśvara speaks, pointing to Sanatkumāra and other great sages who remain absorbed in tapas, and uses their presence as evidence of the Lord’s dharmic order; the listener (addressed as ‘best of the twice-born’) is instructed to honor and bow to the dharma-knowing, eloquent divine figure (contextually identified with Vāsudeva).