Shloka 57
कालयुक्तधर्मविवेकः
Discerning Dharma in Accord with Time
Devanagari script
न घातयति नो हन्ति घ्नन्तं नैवानुमोदते । सर्वभूतेषु सस्नेही यथा55त्मनि तथापरे
Transliteration
na ghātayati no hanti ghnantaṃ naivānumodate | sarvabhūteṣu sasnehī yathātmāni tathāpare ||
Translation
摩诃提婆说道：“他既不使他人去杀，也不亲自去杀，并且不赞同杀人者。他爱护一切众生，视他人如视自身。”在伦理语境中，此偈称扬身口意三业皆圆满的不害：拒绝直接伤害、拒绝间接唆使，乃至拒绝在道德上认可伤害，其根基在于普遍的同情与共感。
Word by Word
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
घातयतिcauses (someone) to kill / has (someone) killed
घातयति:
TypeVerb
Rootघातय् (णिच्) < हन्
FormLat, present indicative, 3, singular, parasmaipada
नnor/not
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
उindeed/also (emphatic particle)
उ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ
हन्तिkills
हन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormLat, present indicative, 3, singular, parasmaipada
घ्नन्तम्one who is killing / a killer
घ्नन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootघ्नत् (शतृ) < हन्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
एवeven/just/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अनुमोदतेapproves/assents (to)
अनुमोदते:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + मुद्
FormLat, present indicative, 3, singular, atmanepada
सर्वभूतेषुin all beings
सर्वभूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत
Formneuter, locative, plural
सस्नेहीaffectionate / having love
सस्नेही:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसस्नेहिन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
यथाas/just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
आत्मनिin oneself / toward oneself
आत्मनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
Formmasculine, locative, singular
तथाso/in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अपरेin/with regard to others
अपरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअपर
Formmasculine, locative, singular
Speaker
श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच
Characters & Entities
Ś
Śrīmahādeva (Mahādeva/Śiva)A
all beings (sarvabhūta)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
True non-violence is threefold: one should not kill, not cause killing, and not even approve of killing; it rests on universal empathy—seeing others as oneself.
Mahādeva is instructing (in a didactic passage) on the qualities of an ideal righteous person, highlighting compassion toward all beings and complete abstention from violence and its endorsement.