Shloka 63

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

Devanagari script

तेषामपि प्रवक्ष्यामि धर्मकर्मफलोदयम्‌ | ब्राह्मणेषु हि यो धर्म: स धर्म: परमो मत:

Transliteration

teṣām api pravakṣyāmi dharma-karma-phalodayam | brāhmaṇeṣu hi yo dharmaḥ sa dharmaḥ paramo mataḥ ||

Translation

圣大自在天说道：“关于他们，我也将说明：由法（dharma）与所规定之行（业）如何生起果报。因为婆罗门之中所具之法，被认为是至上之法。”

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• प्रवक्ष्यामि: I shall declare
• प्रवक्ष्यामि: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Simple Future (Luṭ), First, Singular, Parasmaipada

• धर्म: duty/law
• धर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (as compound-member), Singular

• कर्म: action/rite
• कर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (as compound-member), Singular

• फल: fruit/result
• फल: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (as compound-member), Singular

• उदयम्: arising/manifestation
• उदयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• ब्राह्मणेषु: among/in the Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• हि: indeed/for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• यः: which/that (who)
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धर्मः: dharma
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: that
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धर्मः: dharma
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परमः: supreme
• परमः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मतः: is considered/held (to be)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन्
• Form: Past Passive Participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śrī Maheśvara (Śiva)
• Brāhmaṇas

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

That the highest standard of dharma is exemplified in the Brāhmaṇa’s dharma, and that one should understand how dharma and prescribed action generate their corresponding results (karma-phala).

What is happening in the narrative?

Śiva (Maheśvara) continues an instruction to Devī, announcing that he will now describe the duties and actions—along with their fruits—beginning with the Brāhmaṇas, whose dharma is presented as paramount.