Shloka 37

Umā–Maheśvara-saṃvāda: Varṇa-bhraṃśa, Ācāra (Vṛtta), and Karmic Ascent/Decline

Devanagari script

श्रूयतां तस्य दानस्य यादृशो गुणविस्तर: । कृतं तेन महच्छाद्धं वर्षाणीह त्रयोदश

Transliteration

śrūyatāṁ tasya dānasya yādṛśo guṇavistaraḥ | kṛtaṁ tena mahācchāddhaṁ varṣāṇīha trayodaśa ||

Translation

毗湿瓦密多罗说道：“当听此布施之功德，何等精妙，何等广大。凭此施舍，此人就在此世间，等同为诸祖灵（Pitṛ）成就了一场大施罗达（śrāddha），其福报延续十三年。”

Word by Word

• श्रूयताम्: let it be heard / hear (you all)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम, बहुवचन

• तस्य: of that
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुं, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• दानस्य: of the gift/charity
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• यादृशः: what kind of / such as
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यादृश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• गुण-विस्तरः: the detailed account of merits/qualities
• गुण-विस्तरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुणविस्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कृतम्: done / performed
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त, नपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तेन: by him / by that (person)
• तेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुं, तृतीया, एकवचन

• महत्: great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• श्राद्धम्: śrāddha rite (for ancestors)
• श्राद्धम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• वर्षाणि: years
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• इह: here / in this world
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• त्रयोदश: thirteen
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रयोदश (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक, द्वितीया, बहुवचन (वर्षाणि इति विशेषणम्)

Speaker

विश्वामित्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Viśvāmitra
• dāna (gift/charity)
• śrāddha (ancestral rite)
• Pitṛs (ancestors)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse emphasizes that a properly directed act of charity connected with ancestral duty (pitṛ-kārya) carries an extensive, measurable spiritual efficacy: it can be equivalent to performing major śrāddha-observances over a long span (here, thirteen years).

What is happening in the narrative?

Viśvāmitra continues an instruction on the fruits of a specific kind of gift. He calls the audience to listen and declares the result: the giver’s single act is credited as having completed a great śrāddha for the ancestors for thirteen years.