Shloka 21
Umā–Maheśvara-saṃvāda: Varṇa-bhraṃśa, Ācāra (Vṛtta), and Karmic Ascent/Decline
Devanagari script
देवतास्तस्य तुष्यन्ति कामिकं चापि सिध्यति । अन्यथा हि वृथा मर्त्याः कुर्वते स्वल्पबुद्धयः
Transliteration
devatās tasya tuṣyanti kāmikaṃ cāpi sidhyati | anyathā hi vṛthā martyāḥ kurvate svalpabuddhayaḥ ||
Translation
如此行者，诸天欢喜，其正当所愿亦得成就；而智慧浅薄之人不肯如法而行，反将人身虚掷，奔逐他事，徒劳无益。
Word by Word
देवताःthe deities
देवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तस्यof him / for him
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तुष्यन्तिare pleased
तुष्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootतुष्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
कामिकम्the desired object / wish
कामिकम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकामिक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सिध्यतिis accomplished / succeeds
सिध्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootसिध्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
अन्यथाotherwise
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
वृथाin vain
वृथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
मर्त्याःmortals / humans
मर्त्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुर्वतेdo / undertake
कुर्वते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
स्वल्पबुद्धयःof little understanding
स्वल्पबुद्धयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वल्पबुद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
बलदेव उवाच
Characters & Entities
B
BaladevaD
devatāḥ (gods)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Rightly performed dharmic conduct brings divine favor and the fulfillment of worthy aims; neglecting it, the short-sighted waste effort on actions that do not yield lasting fruit.
Baladeva is instructing his listener by contrasting two paths: the disciplined, proper course that pleases the gods and succeeds, and the misguided course of the dull-minded who ignore it and toil in vain.