Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 20
Adhyāya 119: Vyāsa–Kīṭa-saṃvāda
Tapas-bala and karmic ascent across yoni
आत्मौपम्येन मन्तव्यं बुद्धिमद्धिः कृतात्मभि: । मृत्युतो भयमस्तीति विदुषां भूतिमिच्छताम्
ātmaupamyena mantavyaṃ buddhimadbhiḥ kṛtātmabhiḥ | mṛtyuto bhayam astīti viduṣāṃ bhūtim icchatām ||
毗湿摩说道：有智慧而自律之人，应以己度物而思量，把一切众生视同自身。连求自身安乐的博学之士也常怀对死亡的恐惧；那么，那些无辜、健全、渴望生存的生灵，被以肉为业的罪人强行屠杀时，又怎能不生恐惧？
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Use ātmaupamya—placing oneself in another’s position—as an ethical test: since everyone fears death and seeks well-being, one should not cause fear and harm to other living beings, especially the innocent.
In Anushasana Parva, Bhishma is instructing Yudhishthira on dharma and right conduct. Here he argues from a universal human experience—fear of death—to ground compassion toward all creatures and to condemn violent killing driven by appetite or livelihood.