Previous Verse
Next Verse

Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 8

ब्रह्मस्वहरण-निषेधः — Prohibition of Appropriating Brahmin Property

Brahmasva

जघ्नुस्ता: पयसा पुत्रांस्तथा पौत्रान्‌ विधुन्वती: । पशूनवेक्षमाणाश्च साधुवृत्तेन दम्पती

jaghnustāḥ payasā putrāṁs tathā pautrān vidhunvatīḥ | paśūn avekṣamāṇāś ca sādhuvṛttena dampatī ||

群牛因痛苦而战栗,四顾寻觅别的牲畜;当它们看不见正当的主人与自己的犊子时,便在哀楚中颤抖。随后,它们竟以自身之乳,毁灭了那对以盗取为生的夫妇——并及其子与孙。此事昭示:不义生计所造之害必反噬其人;甚至本为养命之物,在违背达摩之时亦可化为报应之器。

जघ्नुस्ताःthey killed/destroyed
जघ्नुस्ताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
पयसाwith milk
पयसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपयस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
पौत्रान्grandsons
पौत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपौत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विधुन्वतीःshaking/trembling (their bodies)
विधुन्वतीः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-धुन्वत् (धुन्व्/धू धातु से वर्तमान कृदन्त)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पशून्other animals/cattle
पशून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपशु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अवेक्षमाणाःlooking at/observing
अवेक्षमाणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअव-ईक्ष् (धातु) → अवेक्षमाण (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
साधु-वृत्तेनby good conduct/virtuous behavior
साधु-वृत्तेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसाधुवृत्त
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
दम्पतीthe couple (husband and wife)
दम्पती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदम्पती (दम्पति-शब्द)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual

चाण्डाल उवाच

C
cows (gāvaḥ, implied)
M
milk (payas)
T
the couple (dampatī) living by theft
S
sons (putrāḥ)
G
grandsons (pautrāḥ)
O
other cattle/animals (paśavaḥ)
R
rightful master/owner (svāmin, implied by context)
C
calves (vatsāḥ, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

A livelihood rooted in adharma—such as theft and exploitation—invites inevitable ruin. The verse frames moral causality: violating rightful ownership and harming dependents (cows and calves) turns even nourishing milk into a means of punishment, emphasizing dharma’s protective and corrective force.

The cows, distressed because they cannot find their owner and calves and are searching among other cattle, tremble in pain. In that state, they bring about the destruction of the abducting/stealing couple and also their sons and grandsons—said to occur through the agency of the cows’ milk.