आदि पर्व, अध्याय 67 — गान्धर्वविवाह-समयः
Duḥṣanta–Śakuntalā: Gandharva Marriage and Succession Condition
बृहद्रथ इति ख्यात: क्षितावासीत् स पार्थिव: । तुहुण्ड इति विख्यातो य आसीदसुरोत्तम:
vaiśampāyana uvāca |
bṛhadratha iti khyātaḥ kṣitāv āsīt sa pārthivaḥ |
tu huṇḍa iti vikhyāto ya āsīd asurottamaḥ ||
(atra gītā-press-pāṭhe anantaraṃ gadya-vyākhyā-rūpeṇa bahavaḥ asura-nāma–mānuṣa-rāja-nāma-sambandhāḥ nirdiśyante: ayaḥśirā, aśvaśirā, vīryavān ayaḥśaṅku, gaganamūrdhā, vegavān ity-ādayaḥ; tathā ketumān/amitaūjā, svarbhānu/ugrasena, aśva/aśoka, aśvapati/hārdikya, vṛṣaparvā/dīrghaprajña, ajaka/śālva, aśvagrīva/rocamāna, sūkṣma/bṛhadratha, tuhuṇḍa/senābindu, iṣupāda/nagnajit, ekacakra/prativindhya, virūpākṣa/citradharmā, hara/subāhu, ahara/bāhlika, nicandra/muñjakeśa, nikumbha/devādhipa, śarabh/paurava, kupaṭa/supārśva, kratha/pārvatīya, śalabha/prahmada, candra/candravarmā (kāmboja), arka/ṛṣika, mṛtpa (anūpa-deśa), gaviṣṭha/drumasena, mayūra/viśva, suparṇa/kālakīrti, candrahantā/śunaka, candravināśana/jānaki, dīrghajihna/kāśirāja, rāhu/krātha.)
毗舍波耶那说道:“大地上曾有一位名为广车(Bṛhadratha)的国王;又有一位卓绝的阿修罗,号称图呼恩陀(Tuhuṇḍa)。”在这一段(依《吉塔出版社》本之呈现),叙述继续将众多强盛的阿修罗与达那婆,对应到他们后来在各地投生为人间诸王的身世。其隐含的伦理旨趣在于:世间王权与武力,可能出自多种血统,甚至出自魔族;然而一旦具身为王,便进入人间之法(dharma)、责任与果报的领域。此段因此将政治史置于更宏大的宇宙轮回之中:权力本身并非德行,而统治者——无论其来处——都须为其所作所为承担后果。
वैशम्पायन उवाच
The passage underscores that political power and royal birth can arise from many cosmic sources, even Asuric ones; therefore kingship is not proof of virtue. Once born as human rulers, these beings enter the domain of dharma where actions, governance, and restraint determine merit and consequence.
Vaiśampāyana begins a catalogue identifying certain famed Asuras and their corresponding births as earthly kings. The verse names Bṛhadratha as a king on earth and Tuhuṇḍa as a foremost Asura, and the surrounding prose continues with many such identifications across regions and dynasties.