Kurma Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 65

Madhu–Kaiṭabha, Nārāyaṇa’s Yoga-Nidrā, Rudra’s Manifestation, and the Aṣṭamūrti–Trimūrti Teaching

Devanagari script

यः परान्ते परानन्दं पीत्वा दिव्यैकसाक्षिकम् / नृत्यत्यनन्तमहिमा तस्मै रुद्रात्मने नमः

Transliteration

yaḥ parānte parānandaṃ pītvā divyaikasākṣikam / nṛtyatyanantamahimā tasmai rudrātmane namaḥ

Translation

顶礼于鲁陀罗（Rudra）之自性者：其威德无量；于究竟终末，既“饮”至上安乐——唯一的神圣见证者——便在超越中起舞。

Word by Word

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक सर्वनाम

• para-ante: at the supreme end
• para-ante: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक) + anta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; समासः—परस्य अन्ते (at the end of the beyond)

• para-ānandam: supreme bliss
• para-ānandam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक) + ānanda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—परः आनन्दः (supreme bliss)

• pītvā: having drunk
• pītvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), पूर्वकाल (having drunk)

• divya-eka-sākṣikam: with the divine as the sole witness
• divya-eka-sākṣikam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: divya (प्रातिपदिक) + eka (प्रातिपदिक) + sākṣika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—दिव्यः एकः साक्षी यस्य/यत् (with the divine as sole witness)

• nṛtyati: dances
• nṛtyati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √nṛt (धातु)
• Form: लट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• ananta-mahimā: (he) of endless glory
• ananta-mahimā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ananta (प्रातिपदिक) + mahimā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—अनन्ता महिमा यस्य (he whose glory is endless)

• tasmai: to him
• tasmai: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी विभक्ति, एकवचन

• rudra-ātmane: to the one whose essence is Rudra
• rudra-ātmane: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rudra (प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—रुद्रः आत्मा यस्य/रुद्रात्मा (epithet)

• namaḥ: salutation
• namaḥ: Sambandha/Prayojana (सम्बन्ध/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: namas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; नमः + चतुर्थी construction

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) teaching in the Ishvara Gita section

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Characters & Entities

• Rudra
• Parananda (Supreme Bliss)
• Sakshi (Witness-consciousness)

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It identifies Rudra with the innermost Self as the single divine Witness (sākṣī), and portrays liberation as resting in—indeed ‘imbibing’—supreme bliss at the highest culmination.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse points to sākṣī-bhāva (abiding as the Witness) and the consummation of Pashupata-oriented realization: the yogin internalizes the one divine witnessing awareness, culminating in bliss and transcendence.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Placed within the Ishvara Gita taught by Lord Kurma (Vishnu), it venerates Rudra as the Supreme Self, reflecting the Kurma Purana’s Shaiva-Vaishnava synthesis where the highest reality is one, praised through Shiva-language.