Shloka 23
Rāma’s Service to Parents and Departure to Visit the Paternal Grandparents
Pitāmaha-gṛha-gamana
Devanagari script
स्वसमीपमुपायान्तं राममालोक्य तौ नृप / सुचिरं तं विमर्शेतां समाज्ञापूर्वदर्शनौ
Transliteration
svasamīpamupāyāntaṃ rāmamālokya tau nṛpa / suciraṃ taṃ vimarśetāṃ samājñāpūrvadarśanau
Translation
见罗摩走近身旁，那两位王臣——先前只是奉命得见——久久凝望着他，在心中细细思量。
Word by Word
sva-samīpamto (his/their) own vicinity
sva-samīpam:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + samīpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); अव्ययीभावार्थे गत्यर्थ-उपपदसमासवत्—‘to one’s own vicinity’
upāyāntamapproaching
upāyāntam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootupa-√i (इ धातु) (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (वर्तमानकृदन्त/शतृ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
rāmamRama
rāmam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
ālokyahaving seen
ālokya:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√lok (लोक् धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त अव्ययकृदन्त), ‘having seen’
tauthose two
tau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन)
nṛpaO king
nṛpa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
su-ciramfor a long time
su-ciram:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + cira (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyayībhāva (अव्ययीभाव) used adverbially; ‘for a long time/long’
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
vimarśetāmthey considered/reflected
vimarśetām:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√mṛś (मृश् धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Dual (द्विवचन)
samājñā-pūrva-darśanauhaving previously been informed/recognizing from before
samājñā-pūrva-darśanau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-ājñā (प्रातिपदिक) + pūrva (प्रातिपदिक) + darśana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन); बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः—‘(they) whose seeing was preceded by a prior instruction/recognition’ (पूर्वदर्शन = earlier sight/recognition; समाज्ञा = prior knowledge/command)