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Srimad Bhagavatam — Panchama Skandha, Shloka 11

Kāla-cakra and the Motions of the Sun, Moon, Stars, and Grahas

Bhāgavata Jyotiṣa Framework

तत उपरिष्टात्‌द्वि्लक्षयोजनतो नक्षत्राणि मेरुं दक्षिणेनैव कालायन ईश्वरयोजितानि सहाभिजिताष्टाविंशति: ॥ ११ ॥

tata upariṣṭād dvi-lakṣa-yojanato nakṣatrāṇi meruṁ dakṣiṇenaiva kālāyana īśvara-yojitāni sahābhijitāṣṭā-viṁśatiḥ.

在月亮之上约二十万由旬处有诸星宿(nakṣatra)。依至上主的至高意志,它们被安置于时间之轮上,右侧以须弥山为依,作与太阳不同的旋转。重要星宿共有二十八,以“阿毗吉特”(Abhijit)为首。

ततःthereafter/from there
ततः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/discourse)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (ablatival adverb: “from there/thereafter”)
उपरिष्टात्above
उपरिष्टात्:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउपरिष्टात् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
द्विलक्षयोजनतःat a distance of two lakh yojanas
द्विलक्षयोजनतः:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/measure-location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्वि-लक्ष-योजन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विगु-समास (द्वे लक्षे योजनेषु); तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (measure adverb)
नक्षत्राणिthe nakṣatras (lunar mansions)
नक्षत्राणि:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootनक्षत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
मेरुम्Mount Meru
मेरुम्:
Karma (कर्म/object of motion/encircling)
TypeNoun
Rootमेरु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
दक्षिणेनby the southern side / to the south
दक्षिणेन:
Karana (करण/route-direction)
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; दिशावाचक (directional instrumental)
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (emphasis)
कालायनेin the course of time / in (their) time-orbit
कालायने:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल-आयन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष (कालस्य आयनम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
ईश्वरयोजितानिarranged/ordained by the Lord
ईश्वरयोजितानि:
Karta (कर्ता/subject qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootईश्वर-योजित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: तत्पुरुष (ईश्वरेण योजितानि); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; नक्षत्राणि विशेषणम्
सहtogether with
सह:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/association marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (preposition/adverb: “together with”)
अभिजिताAbhijit (intercalary nakṣatra)
अभिजिता:
Sahartha (सहार्थ/association)
TypeNoun
Rootअभिजित् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental) एकवचन; सह-योगे (with सह)
अष्टाविंशतिःtwenty-eight
अष्टाविंशतिः:
Karta (कर्ता/predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootअष्टाविंशति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग संख्याशब्द, प्रथमा, एकवचन; संख्या-वाचक (predicate number)

The stars referred to herein are 1,600,000 miles above the sun, and thus they are 4,000,000 miles above the earth.

M
Mount Meru
A
Abhijit

FAQs

In this verse, Śukadeva explains that the nakṣatras are positioned above at a measured distance and move around Mount Meru according to the precise arrangement of the Supreme Lord, totaling twenty-eight including Abhijit.

He is outlining the Bhāgavatam’s cosmic structure in Canto 5, showing that celestial movements are orderly and ultimately governed by Īśvara, not random.

It encourages seeing time and change as regulated by a higher intelligence, fostering humility, steadiness, and devotion rather than anxiety about the uncontrollable.