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Srimad Bhagavatam — Ekadasha Skandha, Shloka 42

Avadhūta’s Teachers: Python, Ocean, Moth, Bee, Elephant, Deer, Fish—and Piṅgalā’s Song of Detachment

आत्मैव ह्यात्मनो गोप्ता निर्विद्येत यदाखिलात् । अप्रमत्त इदं पश्येद् ग्रस्तं कालाहिना जगत् ॥ ४२ ॥

ātmaiva hy ātmano goptā nirvidyeta yadākhilāt apramatta idaṁ paśyed grastaṁ kālāhinā jagat

当众生看见整个宇宙都被时间之蛇所攫住时,便会清醒沉着,远离一切感官享乐。处于此境,众生便有资格成为自己的守护者。

ātmāthe self
ātmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
evaalone/indeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle), अव्यय
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), अव्यय
ātmanaḥof the self
ātmanaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग
goptāprotector
goptā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgoptṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
nirvidyetashould become dispassionate
nirvidyeta:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootnir + vid (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद
yadāwhen
yadā:
Kala (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
akhilātfrom everything/entirely
akhilāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootakhila (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपञ्चमी (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)
apramattaḥvigilant/not careless
apramattaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roota-pramatta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; नञ्-समास (negation); विशेषण
idamthis
idam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग
paśyetshould see
paśyet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
grastamseized
grastam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootgras (धातु) → grasta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP/क्त), द्वितीया, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग (agreeing with jagat)
kāla-ahināby the serpent of time
kāla-ahinā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक) + ahi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (serpent of time)
jagatthe world
jagat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootjagat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)

In this verse, Piṅgalā states that by the Lord’s mercy a self-realized soul can see that the entire universe is existing within the jaws of the great serpent of time. Certainly this is not a promising situation, and one who sees it loses his desire for sense gratification. Thus, by the Lord’s causeless mercy, the spiritually sane living entity can protect himself from illusion.

K
King Yadu
D
Dattātreya (Avadhūta)

FAQs

This verse states that the world is being swallowed by the serpent of time, so a seeker should stay alert and cultivate detachment, recognizing the inevitable passage of time and mortality.

In instructing Yadu, the Avadhuta emphasizes personal responsibility in spiritual life: liberation depends on one’s own awakened awareness and detachment, not on external supports that are themselves subject to time.

Live with conscious urgency: remember life’s impermanence, avoid complacency in habits that deepen attachment, and prioritize steady sādhana and clarity about what truly endures.