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Shloka 3

The Killing of Ariṣṭāsura and Kaṁsa’s Plot to Summon Kṛṣṇa

यस्य निर्ह्रादितेनाङ्ग निष्ठुरेण गवां नृणाम् । पतन्त्यकालतो गर्भा: स्रवन्ति स्म भयेन वै ॥ ३ ॥ निर्विशन्ति घना यस्य ककुद्यचलशङ्कया । तं तीक्ष्णश‍ृङ्गमुद्वीक्ष्य गोप्यो गोपाश्च तत्रसु: ॥ ४ ॥

yasya nirhrāditenāṅga niṣṭhureṇa gavāṁ nṛṇām patanty akālato garbhāḥ sravanti sma bhayena vai

大王啊,他那残酷的吼声回荡,使牛群与众人惊惧;因恐惧,怀孕的母牛与妇女竟未及其时便流产。云团聚在他背峰之上,误以为是山岳;见到这尖角的魔牛,牧女与牧人都吓得发抖。

यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (genitive singular pronoun)
निर्ह्रादितेनby the roaring
निर्ह्रादितेन:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeVerb
Rootनिर् + ह्राद् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग (instrumental singular; ‘by/with the roaring’)
अङ्गO dear (friend)
अङ्ग:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअङ्ग (अव्यय/सम्बोधन)
Formसम्बोधनार्थक निपात (vocative particle, addressing)
निष्ठुरेणharsh
निष्ठुरेण:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिष्ठुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुल्लिङ्ग (instrumental singular; agreeing with निर्ह्रादितेन)
गवाम्of the cows
गवाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग (genitive plural)
नृणाम्of men
नृणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग (genitive plural)
पतन्तिfall
पतन्ति:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootपत् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
अकालतःprematurely/out of time
अकालतः:
कालाधिकरण (Temporal modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअकालतः (अव्यय)
Formतसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb)
गर्भाःfetuses/embryos
गर्भाः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootगर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग
स्रवन्तिflow/are discharged
स्रवन्ति:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootस्रु (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
स्मindeed/then (particle)
स्म:
निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म (अव्यय)
Formस्मरण/भूतार्थ-निपात (particle indicating past/continuative sense)
भयेनfrom fear
भयेन:
हेतु (Hetu/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootभय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग
वैindeed
वै:
निपात (Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक निपात (emphatic particle)

The Vedic literature categorizes miscarriages as follows: Ā-caturthād bhavet srāvaḥ pātaḥ pañcama-ṣaṣṭhayoḥ/ ata ūrdhvaṁ prasūtiḥ syāt. “Up to the fourth month a premature delivery is called srāva, in the fifth and sixth months it is called pāta, and after this it is considered a birth ( prasūti ).”

A
Ariṣṭāsura

FAQs

It says his cruel bellowing terrified cows and people so severely that miscarriages occurred from fear.

To show the extreme, unnatural dread inflicted upon Vraja by the asura, highlighting the urgency of Kṛṣṇa’s protection.

By remembering that Kṛṣṇa is the protector of His devotees and taking shelter of prayer, kīrtana, and steady faith instead of panic.