Shloka 32

Govardhana-dhāraṇa: Kṛṣṇa Lifts Govardhana and Humbles Indra

Devanagari script

शङ्खदुन्दुभयो नेदुर्दिवि देवप्रचोदिता: । जगुर्गन्धर्वपतयस्तुम्बुरुप्रमुखा नृप ॥ ३२ ॥

Transliteration

śaṅkha-dundubhayo nedur divi deva-pracoditāḥ jagur gandharva-patayas tumburu-pramukhā nṛpa

Translation

亲爱的帕利克希特啊，在天界，受诸天神祇鼓动，海螺与大鼓轰然作响；以图姆布鲁为首的最杰出乾闼婆开始歌唱。

Synonyms

• śaṅkha-dundubhayaḥ: conches and drums
• śaṅkha-dundubhayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaṅkha (प्रातिपदिक) + dundubhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (conches and kettledrums)

• neduḥ: they resounded
• neduḥ: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √nad (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• divi: in heaven
• divi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: div (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• deva-pracoditāḥ: urged by the gods
• deva-pracoditāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + pracodita (प्रातिपदिक; √cud क्त, प्र-उपसर्ग)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (prompted by the gods)

• jaguḥ: they sang
• jaguḥ: Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gai (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• gandharva-patayaḥ: the Gandharva chiefs
• gandharva-patayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gandharva (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (lords of Gandharvas)

• tumburu-pramukhāḥ: headed by Tumburu
• tumburu-pramukhāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tumburu (प्रातिपदिक) + pramukha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; तृतीया/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषार्थः (with Tumburu as foremost)

• nṛpa: O king
• nṛpa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

Characters & Entities

• Tumburu
• Gandharvas
• Devas (demigods)
• King Parīkṣit

FAQs

Why do conches and kettledrums resound in the sky in Govardhana līlā?

They signify divine celebration—heavenly beings rejoice as Kṛṣṇa protects Vraja and demonstrates His supreme shelter, prompting celestial music and praise.

Who is Tumburu in the Srimad Bhagavatam and why is he mentioned here?

Tumburu is a renowned Gandharva leader and celestial musician; he is mentioned because the Gandharvas, led by him, sing glorifications when Kṛṣṇa’s protection becomes manifest.

How can devotees apply the teaching of this verse in modern life?

See protection and grace as reasons for gratitude and praise—cultivate kīrtana and remembrance of Kṛṣṇa when help arrives, acknowledging the divine source of shelter.