Mantra 51
Sukta 4
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
ये वशाया अदानाय वदन्ति परिरापिणः । इन्द्रस्य मन्यवे जाल्मा आ वृश्चन्ते अचित्त्या
IAST Transliteration
yé vaśā́yā adā́nāya vádanti parirāpíṇaḥ | índrasya mányave jā́lmā ā́ vṛścante ácittyā ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
They who, bent on non-giving of the barren cow, speak forth as harmful plotters—those knaves are cut down for Indra’s wrath, through their own senselessness.
Translation
凡为不肯施与那不产之牝牛（vaśā）而发言者，乃环伺为害的阴谋者；这些无赖因因陀罗（Indra）之忿怒而被砍倒，皆由其自身的愚昧无知。
Word by Word
येwho (those who)
ये:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्धि-उपवाक्ये) / विशेष्य-संबन्धः
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वशायाःof (the) vashā-charm / enchanting power
वशायाः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘वशा’ सम्बन्धिनः
TypeNoun
Rootवशा (प्रातिपदिक; ‘वशा’ = वशीकरण/मोहिनी/मन्त्र-शक्ति; अथवा ‘वशा’ नाम्नी औषधि/विद्या)
अदानायfor withholding / for not giving
अदानाय:
सम्प्रदान (dative purpose) — ‘for non-giving/withholding’
TypeNoun
Rootअदान (प्रातिपदिक; अ-दान = ‘न दानम्’/‘अदान’ = non-giving, withholding)
वदन्तिthey speak / they say
वदन्ति:
क्रिया (मुख्य) — कर्तृ ‘ये …’
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (धातु)
परिरापिणःharmers, injurers (those who cause affliction)
परिरापिणः:
कर्तृ (ये …) — विशेषण/अपपद-नाम
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootपरि-रापिन् (प्रातिपदिक; राप्/रापय् ‘to harm, injure’ से)
इन्द्रस्यof Indra
इन्द्रस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘of Indra’
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
मन्यवेto (his) wrath / for (Indra’s) anger
मन्यवे:
सम्प्रदान (dative) — ‘to/for (his) wrath’
TypeNoun
Rootमन्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
जाल्माःthe vile/wicked ones
जाल्माः:
कर्तृ — ‘the vile ones’
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootजाल्म (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wicked, vile, base’)
आforth, completely (as a preverb)
आ:
क्रियाविशेषण (direction/intensity)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
वृश्चन्तेthey are cut off / they get cut down (perish)
वृश्चन्ते:
क्रिया (मुख्य) — कर्तृ ‘जाल्माः’
TypeVerb
Rootवृश्च् (धातु; ‘to cut off, tear away’)
अचित्त्याthrough folly / by lack of sense
अचित्त्या:
करण (instrument/cause) — ‘through heedlessness/folly’
TypeNoun (instrumental of abstract) / Adverbial
Rootअ-चित्ति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘lack of understanding/heedlessness’)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition
Devata: Indra’s Manyu (wrath) as punitive power
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"raudra","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"Exposure of plotters → summoning wrath → decisive cutting down.","listener_experience":"Empowerment against intimidation; fear for would-be saboteurs.","intensity":8}