Mantra 2
Sukta 20
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
यो अद्य सेन्यो वधोऽघायूनामुदीरते । युवं तं मित्रावरुणावस्मद्यावयतं परि
IAST Transliteration
yó adyá sényaḥ vadhó ’ghāyū́nām udī́rate | yuváṃ táṃ mitrā́varuṇāv asmádyāvayataṃ pári ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
What warlike slaughter, raised up to-day by men of evil will, is set in motion—do ye, O Mitra and Varuṇa, drive that away from us, wholly afar.
Translation
凡今日由怀恶之人所鼓动、所发动的战阵杀戮——米特拉与伐楼那啊，你们二位请将那一切从我们这里驱逐，远远隔开。
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → यः
अद्यtoday, now
अद्य:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
सेन्यःbelonging to the army; warlike
सेन्यः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootसेन्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘सेना’ + यत्)
वधःslaying, killer; destruction
वधः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवध (प्रातिपदिक)
अघायूनाम्of the evil-minded (malicious) ones
अघायूनाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअघायू (प्रातिपदिक; अघ + आयु/यु)
उदीरतेis raised/roused; arises
उदीरते:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-ईर् (धातु: ईर् ‘to rise/move/utter’)
युवम्you two
युवम्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → युवम्
तम्him/that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → तम्
मित्रावरुणौMitra and Varuṇa
मित्रावरुणौ:
Sambodhana/Prayojaka (addressed agents)
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootमित्रावरुण (द्वन्द्व-समास; प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मत्from us / of us
अस्मत्:
Apādāna (in sense of ‘away from us’) / Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अस्मत्
यावयतम्drive away, ward off
यावयतम्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootयावय् (णिजन्त-धातु; ‘to ward off, drive away’)
परिaround; away (as a preverb/particle)
परि:
Upapada (directional modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (hymn addressed to Mitra–Varuṇa; specific r̥ṣi attribution varies by anukramaṇī traditions for early AV hymns)
Devata: Mitra–Varuṇa
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (4 pādas implied; this verse corresponds to two pādas as transmitted here)
Mantra Rasa
Primary: bhayankara
Secondary: shanta