Sutra 6

Devanagari script

ते ह्यस्य मर्मज्ञभयान्नापराध्यन्ति इति ॥ कZ_०१.८.०६ ॥

Transliteration

te hy asya marmajñabhayān nāparādhyanti iti

Translation

因为他们害怕他知道他们的弱点（秘密），就不敢冒犯（违逆）他——据说如此。

Word by Word

• ते: they / those (persons)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: sarvanāma; prathamā-vibhakti; bahuvacana; puṃliṅgaḥ (contextually ‘they/those men’)

• हि: indeed / for
• Type: Particle
• Root: हि
• Form: nipāta; emphasis/causal connector

• अस्य: of him / of this (person)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: sarvanāma; ṣaṣṭhī-vibhakti; ekavacana; puṃliṅga/napuṃsaka (genitive ‘of him/this’)

• मर्मज्ञभयात्: from fear of the knower of vital points/secrets
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय
• Form: napuṃsakaliṅgaḥ; pañcamī-vibhakti; ekavacana; hetau/apādāne (‘from fear of…’)

• न: not
• Type: Negation
• Root: न
• Form: niṣedha-nipāta

• अपराध्यन्ति: they commit an offence / they transgress
• Type: Verb
• Root: अपराध्
• Form: laṭ-lakāraḥ; prathama-puruṣaḥ; bahuvacana; parasmaipada; vartamāna-kālaḥ

• इति: thus
• Type: Quotative particle
• Root: इति
• Form: iti-śabdaḥ; vākyānta-quotative

Entities Mentioned

• ruler
• ministers/associates (implied)

More Details

FAQs

What is 'marma-jña-bhaya' as a governance mechanism here?

It is deterrence produced by informational asymmetry: subordinates refrain from wrongdoing because the ruler knows compromising details about them.