Arthashastra — Adhyakshaprachara, Sutra 22

Devanagari script

मध्यमसमश्चावरः ॥ कZ_०२.३०.२२ ॥

Transliteration

madhyamasamaś cāvaraḥ

Translation

在（可用之马）中，其余等级为：中等、一般/平均、下等。

Word by Word

• मध्यमः: the middle (intermediate) [one/grade]
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: मध्यम
• Form: प्रातिपदिकम्: मध्यम; विशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम्

• समः: the equal (standard) [one/grade]
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सम
• Form: प्रातिपदिकम्: सम; विशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम्

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: अव्ययम्; समुच्चयार्थक-निपातः

• अवरः: the lower (inferior) [one/grade]
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अवर
• Form: प्रातिपदिकम्: अवर; विशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचनम्

Entities Mentioned

• horse (implied)
• state stable administration (implied)

More Details

FAQs

What is the administrative purpose of listing ‘medium, average, inferior’ grades?

To standardize evaluation so that purchase price, training investment, and assignment to tasks match the horse’s quality and capability.