Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 17

Devanagari script

पंचमोऽभूद्यदा ब्रह्मा सुरज्येष्ठ इति स्मृतः । कृत्तिवासेति देवस्य नाम प्रोक्तं तदाम्बिके

Transliteration

paṃcamo'bhūdyadā brahmā surajyeṣṭha iti smṛtaḥ | kṛttivāseti devasya nāma proktaṃ tadāmbike

Translation

Trong chu kỳ thứ năm, khi Phạm Thiên được tưởng niệm là Surajyeṣṭha, bấy giờ, ôi Ambikā, danh hiệu của Thượng Chủ được tuyên xưng là “Kṛttivāsa” (Đấng ngự trong da thú/áo da của khổ hạnh; Śiva khổ hạnh).

Word by Word

• paṃcamaḥ: the fifth
• paṃcamaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: paṃcama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• abhūt: became/was
• abhūt: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhū (भू धातु)
• Form: लङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• yadā: when
• yadā: Sambandha (Temporal link/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय

• brahmā: Brahmā
• brahmā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• surajyeṣṭhaḥ: Surajyeṣṭha (chief among gods)
• surajyeṣṭhaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: surajyeṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक: sura + jyeṣṭha)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (surāṇāṃ jyeṣṭhaḥ = chief of the gods)

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (Quotation marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरणार्थक-अव्यय

• smṛtaḥ: was remembered/known
• smṛtaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √smṛ (स्मृ धातु) + ta (क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणरूपेण (remembered/known as)

• kṛttivāsa: Kṛttivāsa
• kṛttivāsa: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛttivāsa (प्रातिपदिक: kṛtti + vāsa)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (kṛttau vāsaḥ = one whose garment is skin)

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (Quotation marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरणार्थक-अव्यय

• devasya: of the deity
• devasya: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• nāma: as the name
• nāma: Visheshaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; नामनिर्देशे

• proktam: was declared
• proktam: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (वच् धातु) + pra + ta (क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मणि (was declared)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Sambandha (Temporal link/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय

• ambike: O Ambikā
• ambike: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ambikā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

Speaker

Śiva (addressing Pārvatī)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa Kṣetra (Somnātha)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Ambikā

Visual Art Cues

Scene: The fifth cycle: Brahmā as Surajyeṣṭha; Śiva at Prabhāsa is hailed as Kṛttivāsa—an austere lord, hide-clad, ash-smeared, with matted locks, standing beside the Somnātha liṅga as waves crash in the distance.

Characters & Entities

• Śiva
• Pārvatī (Ambikā)
• Brahmā (Surajyeṣṭha)
• Kṛttivāsa
• Somanātha

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Śiva’s ascetic epithet points to renunciation and inner detachment as a path to purity and power.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Prabhāsa-kṣetra, where the Lord is praised as Kṛttivāsa in this enumerated cycle.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None explicitly; it is a doctrinal listing of names tied to the kṣetra.