Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 93

Devanagari script

मत्वैवं तमृषिं कुद्धं सर्वे ते सुरसत्तमाः । ब्रह्माणं शरणं प्राप्ता भयेन महताऽर्द्दिताः

Transliteration

matvaivaṃ tamṛṣiṃ kuddhaṃ sarve te surasattamāḥ | brahmāṇaṃ śaraṇaṃ prāptā bhayena mahatā'rdditāḥ

Translation

Hiểu rằng vị hiền triết đó đang vô cùng phẫn nộ, tất cả các vị thần tối cao, bị nỗi sợ hãi lớn bao trùm, đã tìm đến nương nhờ Phạm Thiên (Brahmā).

Word by Word

• matvā: having considered
• matvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Verb
• Root: man (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘having thought/considered’

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: रीति/प्रकार-अव्यय (manner adverb)

• tam: that (him)
• tam: Karma (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• ṛṣim: sage
• ṛṣim: Karma (Object apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• kuddham: angry
• kuddham: Karma (Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kuddha (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक from kudh/krudh)
• Form: क्त-भूतकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘angered’

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• te: they
• te: Karta (Subject apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• sura-sattamāḥ: best of the gods
• sura-sattamāḥ: Karta (Subject apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sura (प्रातिपदिक) + sattama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (सुराणां सत्तमाः)

• brahmāṇam: Brahmā
• brahmāṇam: Karma (Object of motion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• śaraṇam: refuge
• śaraṇam: Karma (Goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• prāptāḥ: (they) reached
• prāptāḥ: Kriyā (Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prāpta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक from pra+āp)
• Form: क्त-भूतकृदन्त used predicatively; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘having reached’

• bhayena: by/with fear
• bhayena: Hetu/Karaṇa (Cause/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• mahatā: great
• mahatā: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; ‘great’ (agreeing with भयेन)

• ardditāḥ: afflicted
• ardditāḥ: Karta (Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: arddita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक from ard)
• Form: क्त-भूतकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘afflicted/tormented’

Speaker

Narrator (Purāṇic narration within Prabhāsakṣetra-māhātmya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A council of radiant devas, faces tense with fear, moving as a group toward Brahmā’s lotus-seat, hands folded in supplication; the atmosphere charged with impending curse and cosmic imbalance.

Characters & Entities

• ṛṣi (sage)
• sura-sattamāḥ (Devas)
• Brahmā

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

When power is misdirected through anger, even gods seek higher refuge; cosmic order is preserved through appeal to supreme authority.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The episode occurs within the Prabhāsakṣetra Māhātmya, reinforcing the sacred narrative environment of Prabhāsa.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None.