Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 43

Devanagari script

धिग्धिगित्येवकालं तं परिचिंत्य जनार्दनः । मेने प्राप्तं स षट्त्रिंशं वर्षं केशिनिषूदनः । पुत्रशोकाभिसंतप्ता गांधारी यदुवाच ह

Transliteration

dhigdhigityevakālaṃ taṃ pariciṃtya janārdanaḥ | mene prāptaṃ sa ṣaṭtriṃśaṃ varṣaṃ keśiniṣūdanaḥ | putraśokābhisaṃtaptā gāṃdhārī yaduvāca ha

Translation

Suy niệm về thời khắc ấy, Janārdana thốt lên: “Ôi ôi, thật đáng chê trách!” Keśiniṣūdana hiểu rằng năm thứ ba mươi sáu đã đến—đúng như lời Gāndhārī, người từng đau đớn vì tang thương các con, đã nói trong nỗi sầu ấy.

Word by Word

• dhik: fie!
• dhik: Avyaya (Exclamation/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dhik (अव्यय)
• Form: निन्दार्थक-अव्यय (interjection/particle)

• dhik: fie!
• dhik: Avyaya (Exclamation/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dhik (अव्यय)
• Form: निन्दार्थक-अव्यय (repetition)

• iti: thus
• iti: Avyaya (Quotative/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/इत्यादि-बोधक-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• eva: indeed/just
• eva: Avyaya (Emphasis/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• kālam: time
• kālam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• tam: that
• tam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (pronoun)

• pariciṃtya: having considered
• pariciṃtya: Kriya-visheṣaṇa (Gerundial modifier/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari-cint (चिन्त् धातु) + ल्यप् (क्त्वा-समकक्ष)
• Form: अव्ययकृदन्त (ल्यप्/क्त्वान्त), ‘having reflected/considered’

• janārdanaḥ: Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa)
• janārdanaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: janārdana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• mene: thought/considered
• mene: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: man (मन् धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• prāptam: attained/reached
• prāptam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-āp (आप् धातु) + क्त
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘obtained/arrived’ (as object-complement)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (pronoun)

• ṣaṭtriṃśam: thirty-six
• ṣaṭtriṃśam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ṣaṭtriṃśat (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; संख्यावाचक-विशेषण

• varṣam: year (period)
• varṣam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• keśiniṣūdanaḥ: slayer of Keśin
• keśiniṣūdanaḥ: Apposition (सम्बोधन/विशेष्य-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: keśin + niṣūdana (प्रातिपदिक); keśin (नाम) + ni-√sūd (सू॒द् धातु) + अन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (keśinaḥ niṣūdanaḥ)

• putraśokābhisaṃtaptā: tormented by grief for (her) sons
• putraśokābhisaṃtaptā: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: putraśoka + abhisaṃtaptā; putra (प्रातिपदिक) + śoka (प्रातिपदिक) + abhi-saṃ-√tap (तप् धातु) + क्त
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कृदन्त-विशेषण (क्त), तत्पुरुष-समास (putraśokena abhisaṃtaptā)

• gāṃdhārī: Gāndhārī
• gāṃdhārī: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gāṃdhārī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• yad: what/that which
• yad: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (relative pronoun)

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (वच् धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• ha: indeed/for (narrative)
• ha: Avyaya (Discourse particle/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ha (अव्यय)
• Form: स्मरण/वृत्तान्तसूचक-अव्यय (narrative particle)

Speaker

Sūta narrating; quoted inner reaction/recognition of Kṛṣṇa

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Naimiṣāraṇya ṛṣis (frame assumed)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Kṛṣṇa (Janārdana/Keśiniṣūdana) pauses, eyes lowered, uttering ‘dhik dhik’ as he recognizes the arrival of the thirty-sixth year; a faint visionary overlay suggests Gāndhārī in mourning, recalling her words.

Characters & Entities

• Janārdana
• Keśiniṣūdana
• Gāndhārī

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Even the mighty must bow to kāla and the moral order; remembrance of past warnings urges sobriety, repentance, and dharmic preparation.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Prabhāsa-kṣetra remains the implied sacred arena where destiny and purification converge in this māhātmya.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No specific rite here; the verse frames the inevitability of time and recalled admonition, leading into prescriptions of śānti and tīrtha-sevā.