प्रेतत्वं दुःसहं पुत्र दुःसहा यमयातना । तस्मात्पुत्र न कर्त्तव्यं सशल्यं द्वादशीव्रतम्
pretatvaṃ duḥsahaṃ putra duḥsahā yamayātanā | tasmātputra na karttavyaṃ saśalyaṃ dvādaśīvratam
Thân phận làm preta thật không thể chịu nổi, con ơi; hình phạt của Yama cũng không thể chịu nổi. Vì thế, con ơi, chớ thực hành lời nguyện Dvādaśī với khiếm khuyết.
Unspecified (teacher/elder addressing 'putra')
Tirtha: Dvārakā
Type: kshetra
Scene: An elder instructs a son: the terror of preta-existence and Yama’s torments is contrasted with the careful, faultless observance of Dvādaśī-vrata in a sacred Dvārakā setting.
Correct observance of vows is linked to auspicious afterlife outcomes; negligence invites severe consequences.
Dvārakā, indirectly, as the chapter belongs to the Dvārakā Māhātmya centered on Kṛṣṇa’s dharma.
Do not perform Dvādaśī vrata in a defective manner (saśalya); ensure proper tithi and discipline.