सापराधास्तु ये केचिच्छिशुपालादयः स्मृताः । त्वत्करेण हताः कोपान्मुक्तिं प्राप्ता महीवराः
sāparādhāstu ye kecicchiśupālādayaḥ smṛtāḥ | tvatkareṇa hatāḥ kopānmuktiṃ prāptā mahīvarāḥ
Ngay cả những kẻ được nhớ là phạm tội—như Śiśupāla và những người khác—khi bị chính tay Ngài giết trong cơn thịnh nộ, vẫn đạt giải thoát, ô Đại Chúa Tể.
A devotee/pilgrim addressing Śrī Kṛṣṇa
Scene: Dramatic tableau of Śiśupāla’s slaying: Kṛṣṇa’s hand/weapon (cakra implied) releases a radiant light; from Śiśupāla’s body a luminous essence rises toward Kṛṣṇa, symbolizing liberation despite offense; onlookers stunned.
Contact with the Supreme—even in conflict—can burn karmic bondage; divine power transforms even punishment into liberation.
Dvārakā by context, as part of Kṛṣṇa-centered māhātmya discourse highlighting His salvific power.
None directly; the verse is doctrinal, stressing Kṛṣṇa’s capacity to grant mokṣa.