Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 49

Devanagari script

ततः कृच्छ्रेण महता कर्षितः सलिलाद्बहिः । सेवकैर्दुःखशोकार्त्तैर्हाहेति प्रतिजल्पकैः

Transliteration

tataḥ kṛcchreṇa mahatā karṣitaḥ salilādbahiḥ | sevakairduḥkhaśokārttairhāheti pratijalpakaiḥ

Translation

Rồi sau đó, hết sức khó nhọc, nhà vua được các tùy tùng kéo ra khỏi nước; họ đau đớn sầu khổ, kêu lên: “Than ôi! Than ôi!”

Word by Word

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana (Context/काल-देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण) = indeclinable adverb; अर्थे: अनन्तरम् (thereafter)

• कृच्छ्रेण: with hardship
• कृच्छ्रेण: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृच्छ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (usage), तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन = Instrumental singular; अर्थे: कष्टेन (with difficulty)

• महता: great
• महता: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (agreement with कृच्छ्रेण), तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन = Instrumental singular; विशेषण (great)

• कर्षितः: dragged out
• कर्षितः: Karma (Patient/कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृष् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन = nominative singular masculine; कर्मणि प्रयोगे कर्तरि/विषये स्थितः (having been dragged/pulled)

• सलिलात्: from the water
• सलिलात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सलिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (अपादान), एकवचन = Ablative singular; स्रोतः (from water)

• बहिः: outside
• बहिः: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहिः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण/दिशावाचक) = indeclinable adverb; अर्थे: बाह्यदेशे (outside)

• सेवकैः: by attendants
• सेवकैः: Kartr (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सेवक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण/कर्तृ), बहुवचन = Instrumental plural; सहायकैः (by attendants)

• दुःखशोकार्त्तैः: afflicted with grief and sorrow
• दुःखशोकार्त्तैः: Kartr (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुःख + शोक + आर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन = Instrumental plural; समासः: दुःख-शोक-आर्त (दुःखेन शोकनेन च आर्ताः = afflicted with grief and sorrow)

• हाहेति: ‘alas, alas!’
• हाहेति: None
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हा हा इति (अव्यय-उद्गार + इति)
• Form: उद्गार (interjection) + इति (quotative particle); अव्ययप्रयोगः (crying ‘hā hā’)

• प्रतिजल्पकैः: by those repeatedly exclaiming
• प्रतिजल्पकैः: Kartr (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रति + जल्पक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन = Instrumental plural; ‘प्रति’ उपसर्गयुक्त-प्रातिपदिक (those who keep uttering/repeating)

Speaker

Narrator (Purāṇic narrator within the Nāgarakhaṇḍa Tīrthamāhātmya context)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kund

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Attendants haul a weakened man from a river/pond; their faces contorted with grief as they cry ‘hā hā’; water streams from the victim’s garments; the bank is muddy, the air heavy with dread.

Characters & Entities

• Attendants/servants (sevakāḥ)
• King (implied)
• Sacred water-body

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

In the face of sacred power, human strength is limited; support, care, and dharmic responsibility of companions become essential.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The narrative continues at the jalāśaya featured in Nāgarakhaṇḍa’s Tīrthamāhātmya, emphasizing its potent, transformative nature.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No explicit rite is prescribed; the verse describes the immediate response to the king’s collapse.