Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 94

Devanagari script

इंगुदैर्बदरैर्वापि बिल्वैर्भल्लातकैरपि । पितॄनुद्दिश्य यः श्राद्धं करिष्यति समाहितः

Transliteration

iṃgudairbadarairvāpi bilvairbhallātakairapi | pitṝnuddiśya yaḥ śrāddhaṃ kariṣyati samāhitaḥ

Translation

Ai với tâm chuyên nhất mà cử hành lễ Śrāddha hướng về tổ tiên, dùng quả iṅguda, hoặc táo tàu (badara), hoặc quả bilva, hay thậm chí bhallātaka, sẽ được quả báo xứng đáng.

Word by Word

• इंगुदैः: with iṅguda fruits (jujube/marking-nut tree fruit)
• इंगुदैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इंगुद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental (3rd), Plural

• बदरैः: with jujubes (badara fruits)
• बदरैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बदर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन — Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Plural

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction/particle of alternative)

• अपि: also/even
• अपि: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक-अव्यय (particle: also/even)

• बिल्वैः: with bilva fruits
• बिल्वैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बिल्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन — Neuter, Instrumental (3rd), Plural

• भल्लातकैः: with bhallātaka (marking-nut) fruits
• भल्लातकैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भल्लातक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental (3rd), Plural

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक-अव्यय (particle: also/even)

• पितॄन्: the ancestors (pitṛs)
• पितॄन्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), बहुवचन — Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Plural

• उद्दिश्य: having intended/addressed (them)
• उद्दिश्य: Kriya-viseshana (Adverbial to action)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उद् + दिश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive/gerund), ‘उद्दिश्य’ — having addressed/aimed at, in reference to

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular (relative pronoun)

• श्राद्धम्: śrāddha rite
• श्राद्धम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन — Neuter, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• करिष्यति: will perform
• करिष्यति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (भविष्यत्काल/Future), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — Simple Future, Active, 3rd person, Singular

• समाहितः: composed, attentive
• समाहितः: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + आ + धा (धातु) → समाहित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Past participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘composed/collected (in mind)’

Speaker

Indra

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A pilgrim with a calm, focused face performs śrāddha under a sacred tree near a tīrtha, arranging iṅguda, badara, bilva fruits and bhallātaka as offerings, with brāhmaṇas seated to receive honor.

Characters & Entities

• Indra
• Pitṛs
• Śrāddha
• Iṅguda
• Badara
• Bilva
• Bhallātaka

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sincere, focused ancestral offerings are valid even with locally available fruits; devotion and intention sustain the rite.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The sages’ āśrama-tīrtha in Nāgara Khaṇḍa where Śrāddha for Pitṛs is especially efficacious.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Perform Pitṛ-Śrāddha with a composed mind, using offerings such as iṅguda, badara, bilva, or bhallātaka fruits.