Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 38

Devanagari script

क्रीतः पौनर्भवश्चापि पुत्रा दशविधाः स्मृताः । औरसादपि हीनाश्च तेऽपि तेषां शुभावहाः

Transliteration

krītaḥ paunarbhavaścāpi putrā daśavidhāḥ smṛtāḥ | aurasādapi hīnāśca te'pi teṣāṃ śubhāvahāḥ

Translation

Các hạng con trai như Krīta và Paunarbhava cũng được ghi nhớ; như vậy con trai có mười loại. Dẫu bị xem là kém hơn Aurasa, ngay cả những hạng ấy, trong hoàn cảnh của mình, vẫn đem lại điềm lành cho họ.

Word by Word

• krītaḥ: purchased (son)
• krītaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: krīta (कृदन्त; √krī-क्री (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुत्र-विशेषः

• paunarbhavaḥ: son of a remarried woman
• paunarbhavaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paunarbhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन; पुत्र-विशेषः

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्भावन/समुच्चय-अव्यय (also/even)

• putrāḥ: sons
• putrāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन

• daśavidhāḥ: of ten kinds
• daśavidhāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjective of putrāḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daśa (अव्यय/संख्या) + vidha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन; द्विगु-समास (दश विधाः)

• smṛtāḥ: are declared/remembered
• smṛtāḥ: Kriyā (Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: smṛta (कृदन्त; √smṛ-स्मृ (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे ‘are said/remembered’

• aurasāt: than the aurasa (legitimate son)
• aurasāt: Apādāna (Source/Comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aurasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative), एकवचन

• api: even
• api: Sambandha (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्भावन/समुच्चय-अव्यय (even/also)

• hīnāḥ: inferior
• hīnāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjective of putrāḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hīna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन; तुलनार्थे (inferior)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• te: they
• te: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (also)

• teṣām: of them
• teṣām: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), बहुवचन

• śubhāvahāḥ: bringing auspiciousness
• śubhāvahāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjective of te/putrāḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śubha (प्रातिपदिक) + āvaha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (शुभं आवहन्ति इति)

Speaker

Unspecified (Nāgarakhaṇḍa narrative voice)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A conciliatory teaching scene: the sage concludes the list, gesturing reassurance; a family performs a simple tarpaṇa/śrāddha offering, indicating that auspiciousness is possible despite graded categories.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Even when ranked lower in traditional categories, relationships and duties can still be framed as meaningful and auspicious within dharma.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No tīrtha is mentioned in this verse.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

It completes the list of ten son-types by adding Krīta and Paunarbhava.