Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 2

Devanagari script

तेन चाराधितः सूर्यस्तत्रस्थेन द्विजोत्तमाः

Transliteration

tena cārādhitaḥ sūryastatrasthena dvijottamāḥ

Translation

Hỡi các bậc tối thắng trong hàng nhị sinh, do người cư trú tại đó, Thái Dương (Sūrya) đã được phụng thờ đúng pháp.

Word by Word

• tena: by him/thereby
• tena: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Instrumental ‘by him/thereby’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• ārādhitaḥ: was worshipped/propitiated
• ārādhitaḥ: Kriyā (Predicate participle/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ā-rādh (धातु) → ārādhita (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; PPP ‘worshipped/propitiated’ (agreeing with sūryaḥ)

• sūryaḥ: the Sun
• sūryaḥ: Karma (Object of worship in passive/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular

• tatra-sthena: by the one staying there
• tatra-sthena: Karaṇa (Agent in passive/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tatra (अव्यय) + stha (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Avyayībhāva: ‘tatra sthitaḥ’ → instrumental ‘by the one staying there’

• dvija-uttamāḥ: O best of the twice-born (Brahmins)
• dvija-uttamāḥ: Sambodhana/Address (Vocative sense in context/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (प्रातिपदिक) + uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Karmadhāraya: ‘uttamāḥ dvijāḥ’ (excellent Brahmins)

Speaker

Sūta (continuing narration; addressing sages/brāhmaṇas)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Ravi-kṣetra (contextual)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Dvija-uttamāḥ (explicit)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A disciplined worshipper at dawn offers arghya to the rising Sun near a shrine; the sages are addressed in narration; the setting suggests a tīrtha precinct.

Characters & Entities

• Sūta
• Sūrya
• Dvija

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Steadfast worship performed in a sanctified place is emphasized as effective propitiation of the deity.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The Ratnāditya/Sūrya sacred setting within Hāṭakeśvara-kṣetra in Nāgarakhaṇḍa.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Ārādhana (devotional worship) of Sūrya by a devotee residing at the holy place.