Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 49

Devanagari script

तस्मात्त्वं श्वशुरं भद्रे सम्मानय जनार्दनम् । न च शोकस्त्वया कार्यः पितरं प्रति पंडिते

Transliteration

tasmāttvaṃ śvaśuraṃ bhadre sammānaya janārdanam | na ca śokastvayā kāryaḥ pitaraṃ prati paṃḍite

Translation

Vì vậy, hỡi hiền nữ, hãy kính trọng Janārdana như cha chồng của nàng. Và này bậc trí, nàng chớ nên sầu muộn vì phụ thân của mình.

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore
• तस्मात्: Sambandha (Logical connector/हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तस्मात् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक तद्)
• Form: अव्यय (हेतौ/तस्मात्-प्रयोग) = ‘therefore’

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन = nominative singular

• श्वशुरम्: father-in-law
• श्वशुरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वशुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन = accusative singular

• भद्रे: O dear/auspicious one
• भद्रे: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th), एकवचन = vocative singular

• सम्मानय: honour, respect
• सम्मानय: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-मान् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद = imperative, 2nd person singular (P)

• जनार्दनम्: Janārdana (Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)
• जनार्दनम्: Karma (Apposition/समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनार्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन = accusative singular

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (निषेध)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चय)

• शोकः: grief
• शोकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन = nominative singular

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana (Agent-in-instrumental/कर्ता-करणभाव)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन = instrumental singular

• कार्यः: to be done; should be done
• कार्यः: Karta (Predicate adjective/विधेय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कार्य (प्रातिपदिक; √कृ यत्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन = nominative singular; विधेयविशेषण ‘to be done/should be done’

• पितरम्: father
• पितरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन = accusative singular

• प्रति: towards, regarding
• प्रति: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (उपसर्ग/कर्मप्रवचनीय) = preposition-like indeclinable ‘towards/with regard to’

• पण्डिते: O learned one
• पण्डिते: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पण्डित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th), एकवचन = vocative singular (addressing a learned woman)

Speaker

Kāmakhyā Devī

Visual Art Cues

Scene: The goddess instructs the woman to honor Janārdana as father-in-law and to abandon grief for her father; the devotee folds hands, tears drying, posture becoming composed.

Characters & Entities

• Janārdana (Viṣṇu)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma is upheld through respect and composure; grief is tempered by spiritual understanding and divine order.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific sacred geography is referenced in this verse.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No formal rite; the instruction is ethical—show honor (sammāna) and avoid excessive grief.