येषामेवंविधाबुद्धिरस्माभिः किं कृतं त्विदम् । अथ वा नो न दोषोऽस्ति पशवो हि वयं यतः
yeṣāmevaṃvidhābuddhirasmābhiḥ kiṃ kṛtaṃ tvidam | atha vā no na doṣo'sti paśavo hi vayaṃ yataḥ
Đối với những kẻ có nhận thức như thế, rốt cuộc chúng ta đã “làm” được gì? Hay là—có lẽ chúng ta không có lỗi, vì suy cho cùng chúng ta chỉ là loài thú, bị bản năng thúc đẩy.
Devāḥ (the gods), self-critique about deluded intellect
Scene: Devas debate their own culpability: ‘what have we really done?’ then admit they are like beasts driven by instinct; Śiva stands as Paśupati, silent witness to their self-realization.
Deluded intellect reduces even the exalted to ‘paśu’ (bound state); liberation begins with recognizing one’s bondage.
No tīrtha is referenced; the verse is a philosophical reflection on bondage and responsibility.
None explicit; the implied discipline is self-examination (ātma-vicāra) leading to surrender to the Lord.