गंगाहीना यथा देशाः पुत्रहीना यथा गृहाः । दानहीना यथा संपच्छिवहीना तथा क्रिया
gaṃgāhīnā yathā deśāḥ putrahīnā yathā gṛhāḥ | dānahīnā yathā saṃpacchivahīnā tathā kriyā
Như xứ sở thiếu sông Hằng thì kém phần thịnh, như nhà thiếu con trai thì vắng vẻ, như phú quý thiếu bố thí thì suy giảm—cũng vậy, mọi nghi lễ thiếu Śiva đều bị giảm mất công đức.
Skanda (deduced: Kāśīkhaṇḍa context, typically Skanda to Agastya)
Tirtha: Gaṅgā in Kāśī (Gaṅgā-tīrtha)
Type: ghat
Scene: A panoramic Kāśī landscape: Gaṅgā flowing beside ghāṭs; households with sons (symbolic continuity); a donor giving alms; and a devotee completing the sequence at a Śiva shrine—showing the chain of ‘supporting principles’.
Sacred supports—Gaṅgā, charity, and above all Śiva—are what make religious life and rites truly complete.
The Gaṅgā is explicitly invoked, strongly pointing to Kāśī on the Gaṅgā as the living field of Śiva’s grace.
Dāna (charity) is praised as essential to prosperity; rites should be performed with Śiva as their center.