एकोऽजरद्गवः सोपि नान्यस्मात्परिजीवति । श्मशानवासिनः सर्वे सर्वे कौपीनवाससः
eko'jaradgavaḥ sopi nānyasmātparijīvati | śmaśānavāsinaḥ sarve sarve kaupīnavāsasaḥ
Chỉ có một con bò đực không hề già; và ngay nó cũng sống chẳng nương tựa ai. Tất cả đều ở nơi bãi thiêu; tất cả chỉ mặc mỗi khố (kaupīna).
Skanda (deduced, Kāśīkhaṇḍa context)
Tirtha: Śmaśāna (conceptual; Kāśī also has Manikarnikā)
Type: ghat
Scene: A cremation-ground settlement: ash-grey ascetics in loincloths, skull-bowls, sparse huts; a solitary timeless bull stands calm amid funeral pyres; atmosphere of detachment rather than horror.
Renunciation and fearlessness—living amid impermanence (śmaśāna)—signify transcendence, a key Śaiva ideal celebrated in Kāśī lore.
Kāśī, whose cremation-ground sanctity is integral to its identity as the city of liberation.
None explicitly; the verse alludes to ascetic dress and śmaśāna-dwelling as Śaiva motifs rather than a prescribed rite.