स्वर्गापवर्गयोरर्थः कोविदैश्च निरूपितः । स्वर्गः सुखं समुद्दिष्टमपवर्गो महासुखम्
svargāpavargayorarthaḥ kovidaiśca nirūpitaḥ | svargaḥ sukhaṃ samuddiṣṭamapavargo mahāsukham
Bậc hiền trí đã định nghĩa rõ nghĩa của thiên giới và apavarga (giải thoát): thiên giới chỉ là lạc thú, còn apavarga chính là đại lạc tối thượng.
Skanda (deduced; Kāśīkhaṇḍa dialogue context)
Tirtha: Kāśī-kṣetra (context-setting verse)
Type: kshetra
Scene: A didactic tableau in Kāśī: a sage instructs pilgrims on the difference between svarga-sukha and apavarga-mahāsukha, with Viśvanātha’s presence implied and the Gaṅgā flowing nearby.
It distinguishes temporary heavenly enjoyment from the unsurpassed bliss of liberation, urging the seeker toward mokṣa rather than mere pleasure.
In this verse the focus is conceptual (svarga vs. apavarga); the surrounding Kāśīkhaṇḍa context leads into the glory of Maṇikarṇikā in Kāśī.
No specific rite is stated here; it serves as a doctrinal foundation for the later praise of Kāśī’s liberating tīrthas.
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