Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 31

Devanagari script

यक्षकिन्नरगन्धर्वैर्दिक्पालैर्लोकपैरपि । नृत्यगीतैस्तथा स्तोत्रैः सर्वैश्चापि सुरासुरैः

Transliteration

yakṣakinnaragandharvairdikpālairlokapairapi | nṛtyagītaistathā stotraiḥ sarvaiścāpi surāsuraiḥ

Translation

Bởi Yakṣa, Kinnara và Gandharva; bởi các vị hộ phương và các bậc hộ thế nữa—bằng vũ khúc, ca nhạc, và cả những bài thánh tụng—hết thảy, cả chư thiên lẫn asura, đều tôn kính phụng thờ Ngài tại đó.

Word by Word

• यक्षकिन्नरगन्धर्वैः: by yakṣas, kinnaras, and gandharvas
• यक्षकिन्नरगन्धर्वैः: Karana (Instrument/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यक्ष + किन्नर + गन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental) बहुवचनम्; समासः—यक्ष + किन्नर + गन्धर्व (द्वन्द्वः)

• दिक्पालैः: by the guardians of the directions
• दिक्पालैः: Karana (Instrument/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिक् + पाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental) बहुवचनम्; समासः—दिशां पालाः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)

• लोकपैः: by the protectors of the worlds
• लोकपैः: Karana (Instrument/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक + प (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental) बहुवचनम्; समासः—लोकस्य पाः/पालाः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (Additive particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक-अव्ययम् (particle: also/even)

• नृत्यगीतैः: with dances and songs
• नृत्यगीतैः: Karana (Instrument/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृत्य + गीत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental) बहुवचनम्; समासः—नृत्य + गीत (द्वन्द्वः)

• तथा: and likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; समुच्चय/अनुक्रमवाचक (and likewise)

• स्तोत्रैः: with hymns
• स्तोत्रैः: Karana (Instrument/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तोत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental) बहुवचनम्

• सर्वैः: by all
• सर्वैः: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental) बहुवचनम्; विशेषणम् (सुरासुरैः/समूहः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (Additive particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; अप्यर्थक-निपातः

• सुरासुरैः: by gods and demons
• सुरासुरैः: Karana (Instrument/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर + असुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental) बहुवचनम्; समासः—सुर + असुर (द्वन्द्वः)

Speaker

Deductively: Purāṇic narrator continuing the tīrtha praise

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Śūlapāṇi-sannidhi guhya-tīrtha (Revā-khaṇḍa)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A grand devotional festival at a secluded Śiva tīrtha: gandharvas sing with vīṇā, kinnaras and apsarases dance, yakṣas stand as guardians, dikpālas at the eight directions, lokapālas present; all offer stotras toward Śiva.

Characters & Entities

• Yakṣas
• Kinnaras
• Gandharvas
• Dikpālas
• Lokapālas
• Devas
• Asuras

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

True sacredness draws universal reverence—worship expressed through art (dance, music) and devotion (hymns) unites diverse beings.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The same Revā Khaṇḍa tīrtha being described as a gathering-point for celestial worship.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Devotional worship through nṛtya (dance), gīta (song), and stotra (hymns) is indicated.