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Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 20

Devanagari script

गरिमा गाण्यते तावत्तपोदानव्रतादिषु । नरैर्वा प्राप्यते यावद्भुवि भर्गभवा धुनी

Transliteration

garimā gāṇyate tāvattapodānavratādiṣu | narairvā prāpyate yāvadbhuvi bhargabhavā dhunī

Translation

Sự vĩ đại của khổ hạnh, bố thí, thệ nguyện và các hạnh tương tự chỉ được ca tụng cho đến khi con người trên cõi đất đạt được dòng sông thiêng tuôn chảy, sinh từ Bharga (Śiva).

Word by Word
गरिमाgreatness, glory
गरिमा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootगरिमा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
गाण्यतेis counted/considered
गाण्यते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootगण् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
तावत्so long; only up to that point
तावत्:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतावत् (प्रातिपदिक/अव्यय-प्रयोग)
Formअव्यय; परिमाण/अवधि-बोधक (adverb of extent: 'so long/so much')
तपस्austerities
तपस्:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (Plural)
दानgifts, charity
दान:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootदान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (Plural)
व्रतvows, observances
व्रत:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), बहुवचन (Plural)
आदिand the like
आदि:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआदि (प्रातिपदिक/अव्यय-प्रयोग)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थ/आद्यार्थ (etc., and so on)
षुin/among (locative plural marker)
षु:
Vibhakti-marker (Case ending)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (सुप्-प्रत्यय)
Formसुप्-प्रत्यय-रूप; सप्तमी-बहुवचन (Locative plural ending)
नरैःby men, by people
नरैः:
Karana (Instrument/Agent in passive/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (disjunctive particle: 'or')
प्राप्यतेis attained
प्राप्यते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
यावत्until; as long as
यावत्:
Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत् (प्रातिपदिक/अव्यय-प्रयोग)
Formअव्यय; यावदर्थे (until/so long as)
भुविon earth
भुवि:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootभू (प्रातिपदिक: भुव्/भूमि)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
भर्गभवाborn from Bharga (Śiva-origin)
भर्गभवा:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootभर्ग + भव (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (भर्गस्य भवः/भवा = born from Bharga/Śiva)
धुनीriver, stream
धुनी:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootधुनी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) (deduced)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā (Narmadā)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: dvijas (addressed indirectly across the passage)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A luminous river-stream arises from Śiva (Bharga), while sages holding kamaṇḍalus and pilgrims approach; symbols of tapas (matted hair), dāna (gift vessels), and vrata (rosaries) fade before the river’s radiance.

Characters & Entities
B
Bharga (Śiva)
N
Narmadā/Revā
T
Tapaḥ
D
Dāna
V
Vrata

FAQs

The river born of Śiva is portrayed as a supreme, readily accessible sanctifier that can outshine many austerities and observances.

The Bharga-born river-stream—understood in context as Revā/Narmadā.

No single rite is commanded; the verse contrasts general dharmic practices (tapas, dāna, vrata) with attaining the sacred river.

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