Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 3

Devanagari script

ततः प्रभृति विख्यातं पुङ्खतीर्थं नरेश्वर । तत्र तीर्थे तु यः स्नात्वा ह्याराध्य परमेश्वरम्

Transliteration

tataḥ prabhṛti vikhyātaṃ puṅkhatīrthaṃ nareśvara | tatra tīrthe tu yaḥ snātvā hyārādhya parameśvaram

Translation

Từ đó về sau, hỡi bậc chúa của loài người, nơi ấy được danh xưng là Puṅkha Tīrtha. Ai tắm gội tại tīrtha ấy và phụng thờ Parameśvara…

Word by Word

• tataḥ: thereafter
• tataḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial modifier/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय/तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: अव्यय (अपादान/काल-क्रम/ablatival adverb): ‘from then/thereafter’

• prabhṛti: from that time onward
• prabhṛti: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Temporal modifier/कालवाचक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prabhṛti (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (कालवाचक): ‘since/from (that time)’

• vikhyātam: became renowned
• vikhyātam: Kriyā (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi√khyā (धातु) + क्त (PPP)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘became renowned/was known’

• puṅkha-tīrtham: Puṅkha-tīrtha (Puṅkha’s sacred ford)
• puṅkha-tīrtham: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puṅkha (प्रातिपदिक) + tīrtha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पुङ्खस्य तीर्थम्)

• nara-īśvara: O lord of men (king)
• nara-īśvara: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (नराणाम् ईश्वरः)

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (देशवाचक): ‘there’

• tīrthe: at the ford
• tīrthe: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tīrtha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• tu: indeed
• tu: Sambandha-bodhaka (Particle/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (निपात/particle): विरोध/विशेषार्थे ‘but/indeed’

• yaḥ: who (he who)
• yaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)

• snātvā: having bathed
• snātvā: Pūrvakriyā (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √snā (धातु) + क्त्वा (absolutive)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त्वा/absolutive): ‘having bathed’ (पूर्वक्रिया)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Avadhāraṇa (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (निपात/particle): ‘indeed’

• ārādhya: having worshipped
• ārādhya: Pūrvakriyā (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā√rādh (धातु) + ल्यप् (absolutive)
• Form: कृदन्त (ल्यप्/absolutive): ‘having worshipped/propitiated’ (पूर्वक्रिया)

• parameśvaram: the Supreme Lord
• parameśvaram: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (परमः ईश्वरः)

Speaker

Mārkaṇḍeya

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Puṅkha-tīrtha

Type: ghat

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: नरेश्वर (राजा)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: नर्मदा-घाट पर तीर्थयात्री स्नान कर रहा है; पास में शिवलिंग/परमेश्वर का छोटा मंदिर; ‘पुङ्खतीर्थ’ की कीर्ति का उद्घोष

Characters & Entities

• Puṅkha Tīrtha
• Parameśvara (Śiva)
• King (listener)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sacred bathing and Śiva-worship at a celebrated tīrtha are presented as a complete devotional path.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Puṅkha Tīrtha (also introduced in connection with Puṅkhila), a renowned ford in the Revā Khaṇḍa sequence.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Snāna (ritual bathing) at the tīrtha and ārādhana (worship/propitiation) of Parameśvara (Śiva).