Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 9

Devanagari script

व्यापकः सर्वभूतानां देवदेवो महेश्वरः । संतापयति लोकांस्त्रींस्तन्निवारय गोपते

Transliteration

vyāpakaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ devadevo maheśvaraḥ | saṃtāpayati lokāṃstrīṃstannivāraya gopate

Translation

Maheśvara—Thần của chư thần—đấng thấm khắp mọi loài hữu tình, đang thiêu đốt tam giới. Hỡi Indra, chúa tể chư thiên, xin hãy ngăn lại!

Word by Word

• व्यापकः: all-pervading
• व्यापकः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्यापक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• सर्वभूतानाम्: of all beings
• सर्वभूतानाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व-भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• देवदेवः: God of gods
• देवदेवः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव-देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• महेश्वरः: Mahā-īśvara
• महेश्वरः: Karta (Apposition/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा-ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• संतापयति: afflicts; torments
• संतापयति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-√तप् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्-प्रयोजक (causative sense: causes to burn/afflict)

• लोकान्: worlds
• लोकान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• त्रीन्: three
• त्रीन्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (लोकान्)

• तत्: that (situation)
• तत्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• निवारय: stop; prevent
• निवारय: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-√वृ (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच् (causative: cause to cease/stop)

• गोपते: O lord/protector (gopati)
• गोपते: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो-पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Devas and Asuras (petitioning Indra; reported by Mārkaṇḍeya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Gaṅgā-sāgara (contextual)

Type: sangam

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Yudhiṣṭhira

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Devas addressing Indra with urgency; in the background, a vision of vast, pervading Maheśvara whose radiance heats the cosmos—three worlds shown as layered spheres.

Characters & Entities

• Maheśvara (Śiva)
• Indra (Gopati)
• Three worlds

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Divinity is immanent (vyāpaka) and overwhelming in power; cosmic governance seeks harmony by appealing through rightful channels.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

None directly; this is part of the mythic prelude that will connect to later sacred geography.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it is a plea/request (prārthanā) within the narrative.