Rig Veda 5.55.5: Mandala 5, Sukta 55, Mantra 5

Sukta 5.55

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition)

Devata: Maruts

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उदीरयथा मरुतः समुद्रतो यूयं वृष्टिं वर्षयथा पुरीषिणः । न वो दस्रा उप दस्यन्ति धेनवः शुभं यातामनु रथा अवृत्सत ॥

Transliteration

udī́rayathā marutaḥ samudrató yūyáṃ vṛṣṭíṃ varṣayathā purī́ṣiṇaḥ | ná vo dasrā́ úpa dasyanti dhenávaḥ śúbhaṃ yātām ánu rathā́ avṛtsata ||

Translation

Hỡi các Marut, các ngài khuấy dậy nước từ vực sâu đại dương; các ngài, những bậc tràn đầy sung mãn, khiến mưa tuôn đổ. Hỡi các đấng kỳ diệu, những dòng sữa nuôi dưỡng không hề phụ các ngài. Nguyện chiến xa của các ngài lăn vang theo con đường cát tường.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• उदीरयथा: you (two) raise up / set in motion
• उदीरयथा: Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया) / Kartṛ-kriyā with implied subject ‘you two/you (Maruts)’
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-ईरय् (caus. of √ईर्/√इर् ‘to set in motion, raise’)

• मरुतः: O Maruts / the Maruts
• मरुतः: Kartā (vocative-like address; syntactically subject/apposition to ‘you’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत् (prātipadika)

• समुद्रतः: from the sea
• समुद्रतः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद्र (prātipadika)

• यूयम्: you (pl.)
• यूयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (pronoun)

• वृष्टिम्: rain
• वृष्टिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृष्टि (prātipadika)

• वर्षयथा: you (two) cause to rain / make rain fall
• वर्षयथा: Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृष् ‘to rain’ → caus. वर्षय्

• पुरीषिणः: rich in moisture/strength (O Maruts)
• पुरीषिणः: Viśeṣaṇa of मरुतः / (Kartā-apposition)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरीषिन् (adj. ‘abounding in moisture/strength; rich, fat’)

• न: not
• न: (negation particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• वः: of you / your
• वः: Sambandha (possessor/related-to)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (enclitic pronoun)

• दस्राः: wondrous/skillful ones
• दस्राः: Kartā (with धेनवः as apposition/subject-group)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दस्र (adj. ‘wondrous, able, skillful’)

• उप: near; towards
• उप: (directional/approach modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उप

• दस्यन्ति: they fail / are not lacking? (context: ‘do not fail you’ / ‘do not fall short’)
• दस्यन्ति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दस्/दस्य् (Vedic: ‘to fail, be wanting; to be hostile/deficient’)

• धेनवः: cows; milch-cows
• धेनवः: Kartā (subject of दस्यन्ति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धेनु (prātipadika)

• शुभम्: auspiciously; splendour/beauty
• शुभम्: Karma / or Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (adverbial accusative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुभ (n. ‘splendour, beauty, auspiciousness’)

• याताम्: let the two go / may the two come
• याताम्: Kriyā (injunctive/benedictive command)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या ‘to go’

• अनु: along; after
• अनु: (path/sequence modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु

• रथाः: chariots
• रथाः: Kartā (subject of अवृत्सत)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (prātipadika)

• अवृत्सत: they rolled/turned; they set forth (moved)
• अवृत्सत: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृत् ‘to turn, roll, move’ (Vedic aorist formation)