Rig Veda 5.5.3: Mandala 5, Sukta 5, Mantra 3

Sukta 5.5

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (RV 5.5)

Devata: Agni (as invoker) bringing Indra

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ईळितो अग्न आ वहेन्द्रं चित्रमिह प्रियम् । सुखै रथेभिरूतये ॥

Transliteration

īḷitó agna ā́ vahéndraṃ citrám ihá priyám | sukhái rathebhir ūtáye ||

Translation

Hỡi Agni, đấng được ca tụng và được thỉnh mời, xin hãy đưa Indra—đấng muôn hình rực rỡ, được yêu mến tại đây—đến bằng những cỗ xe an lạc, để trợ giúp chúng con.

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Word by Word

• ईळितः: praised; invoked
• ईळितः: सम्बोधन-विशेषण (vocative epithet; functionally qualifies the addressed deity)
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: √ईळ् (īḷ) / √ईड् (īḍ) ‘स्तु/प्रार्थ’ (Vedic: to praise, invoke)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: सम्बोधन (addressed deity)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (prātipadika)

• आ: hither; towards (us)
• आ: क्रियाविशेषण (modifies the verb ‘वह’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (upasarga/particle)

• वह: carry; bring
• वह: क्रिया (main verb); the agent is ‘अग्ने’
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वह् (vah) ‘वहति’ (to carry, convey)

• इन्द्रम्: Indra
• इन्द्रम्: कर्म (object of ‘वह’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र- (prātipadika)

• चित्रम्: bright; wondrous; splendid
• चित्रम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चित्र- (prātipadika)

• इह: here
• इह: अधिकरण (locative sense: ‘here’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (deictic indeclinable)

• प्रियम्: dear; beloved; pleasing
• प्रियम्: कर्म-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय- (prātipadika)

• सुखैः: with comforts; pleasantly
• सुखैः: करण (means/instrument; ‘with comforts/pleasant (means)’)
• Type: Noun (instrumental plural; used adverbially)
• Root: सुख- (prātipadika)

• रथेभिः: with chariots
• रथेभिः: करण (means: ‘by/with chariots’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ- (prātipadika)

• ऊतये: for help; for protection
• ऊतये: सम्प्रदान (purpose/beneficiary: ‘for aid’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊति- (prātipadika) ‘help, aid, protection’