Rig Veda 5.34.8: Mandala 5, Sukta 34, Mantra 8

Sukta 5.34

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Trishtubh (likely)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सं यज्जनौ सुधनौ विश्वशर्धसाववेदिन्द्रो मघवा गोषु शुभ्रिषु । युजं ह्यन्यमकृत प्रवेपन्युदीं गव्यं सृजते सत्वभिर्धुनिः ॥

Transliteration

sáṃ yáj janáu sudhánau viśváśardhasāv áved índro maghávā́ góṣu śubhriṣú | yújaṃ hy ànyám ákṛt pravepany úd īṃ gavyáṃ sṛjate sátvabhīr dhúniḥ ||

Translation

Khi Indra (Indra) hào phóng tìm thấy hai cộng đồng được tích trữ sung túc—những đạo quân phổ quát—giữa đàn bò rực sáng (các tia), Ngài khiến bên này thành bạn cùng ách của bên kia; Đấng Rung-Chuyển, với các quyền năng của mình, phóng thích đàn bò sáng chói vươn lên cao.

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Word by Word

• सम्: together, completely
• सम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम् (upasarga)

• यत्: what, that which
• यत्: Karma (of implied verb) / correl. to तत्
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• जनौ: (the) two peoples/men
• जनौ: Karma (paired objects) / possibly Kartā in dual context
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (prātipadika)

• सुधनौ: well-provided with wealth, rich
• सुधनौ: Viśeṣaṇa of जनौ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु-धन (prātipadika)

• विश्वशर्धसौ: having all/whole troops, with all their host
• विश्वशर्धसौ: Viśeṣaṇa of जनौ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व-शर्धस् (prātipadika)

• अवेदि: was found/appeared, was perceived
• अवेदि: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (√vid ‘to know/find’ in Vedic: ‘to be found/appear’), with augment a-

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (prātipadika)

• मघवा: the bountiful one
• मघवा: Apposition to इन्द्रः (Kartā)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: मघवन् (prātipadika)

• गोषु: among/in the cows, in cattle
• गोषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (prātipadika)

• शुभ्रिषु: bright, shining (ones)
• शुभ्रिषु: Viśeṣaṇa (locative qualifier) of गोषु
• Type: Adjective/Noun (Vedic)
• Root: शुभ्रि (prātipadika)

• युजम्: a yoked one/ally, companion
• युजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: युज् (prātipadika from √yuj ‘to yoke/join’)

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (particle)

• अन्यम्: another
• अन्यम्: Viśeṣaṇa of युजम् / Karma
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्य (prātipadika)

• अकृत: he made
• अकृत: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (√kṛ ‘to make/do’), with augment a-

• प्रवेपनी: a trembling/causing-to-tremble (thing), a shaker
• प्रवेपनी: Karma (object made) / predicative complement
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: प्र-वेपनी (kṛdanta/prātipadika; from √vip/√vep ‘to tremble’ with pra-; feminine)

• उद्: up, out
• उद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उद् (upasarga)

• ईम्: indeed, just, straightway
• ईम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ईम् (particle)

• गव्यम्: belonging to cattle; cattle-wealth
• गव्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: गव्य (prātipadika)

• सृजते: he releases/sends forth
• सृजते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृज् (√sṛj ‘to let go, release, send forth’)

• सत्वभिः: with strengths/powers, with vigorous forces
• सत्वभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्व (prātipadika)

• धुनिः: the shaker, the roaring one
• धुनिः: Kartā (of सृजते) / apposition to Indra
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: धुनि (prātipadika)