Rig Veda 5.22.1: Mandala 5, Sukta 22, Mantra 1

Sukta 5.22

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) (explicitly referenced atri-vat; hymn in Atri collection)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify in critical edition)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र विश्वसामन्नत्रिवदर्चा पावकशोचिषे । यो अध्वरेष्वीड्यो होता मन्द्रतमो विशि ॥

Transliteration

prá víśvasāmann atrivád arcā pāvakáśociṣe | yó adhvaréṣv ī́ḍyo hótā mandrátamo viśí ||

Translation

Hãy cất lên, hỡi khúc tụng ca bao trùm muôn phương, như Atri đã hát, dâng lên ngọn lửa thanh tẩy. Đấng trong các adhvara (nghi lễ) đáng được tìm cầu và tôn kính—Hotar, vị tư tế xướng mời, hoan lạc nhất giữa các cộng đồng—nguyện được lời chúng ta xác chứng.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• विश्वसामन्: the all-(comprehensive) sāman/praise
• विश्वसामन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्व-सामन् (prātipadika; tatpuruṣa: ‘all’ + ‘sāman/praise-song’)

• अत्रिवत्: like Atri
• अत्रिवत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial)
• Root: अत्रि + वत् (taddhita -vat)

• अर्च: praise, sing
• अर्च: — (finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अर्च् (अर्चँ) ‘to praise, sing’

• पावकशोचिषे: to the purifying-flamed (Agni)
• पावकशोचिषे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: पावक-शोचिस् (prātipadika; karmadhāraya: ‘purifying’ + ‘flame/splendour’)

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā (of ‘होता’ / implied ‘is’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun)

• अध्वरेषु: in the sacrifices
• अध्वरेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्वर (prātipadika) ‘sacrifice, rite’

• ईड्यः: praiseworthy, to be invoked
• ईड्यः: Kartā (predicative attribute of ‘यः/होता’)
• Type: Adjective (participial)
• Root: ईड्य (kṛdanta from √ईड्/√ईळ् ‘to praise, invoke’)

• होता: the Hotṛ-priest (invoker)
• होता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ (agent noun from √हु ‘to pour/offer, sacrifice’)

• मन्द्रतमः: most delightful/most gladdening
• मन्द्रतमः: Kartā (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्द्र-तम (adj.; ‘gladdening/pleasant’ + superlative -तम)

• विशि: among the people / in the clan
• विशि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश् (prātipadika) ‘clan, settlement, people’