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Rig Veda 4.56.1: Mandala 4, Sukta 56, Mantra 1

Sukta 4.56

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama (traditional for Mandala 4)
Devata: Dyāvāpṛthivī (Heaven and Earth)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify)

मही द्यावापृथिवी इह ज्येष्ठे रुचा भवतां शुचयद्भिरर्कैः । यत्सीं वरिष्ठे बृहती विमिन्वन्रुवद्धोक्षा पप्रथानेभिरेवैः ॥

mahī́ dyāvāpṛthivī ihá jyeṣṭhé rucā́ bhavatāṃ śucáyadbhir arkáiḥ | yát sīṃ váriṣṭhe bṛhatī́ viminván ruvád dhókṣā paprathānébhir eváiḥ ||

Hỡi Trời và Đất vĩ đại, ngay nơi đây trong địa vị tiên khởi của hai đấng, xin hãy rực sáng cho chúng con nhờ những thánh ca thanh tẩy. Vì khi trong cõi rộng tối thượng, Đấng Bao La (Đất) đo lường và mở bày các khoảng không của mình, thì Con Bò Đực gầm vang (Trời) đã trải rộng chúng bằng những xung lực đang nở lớn.

महीgreat, vast
मही:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण द्यावापृथिव्योः)
TypeAdjective
Rootमही (प्रातिपदिक) < मह् ‘महत्त्वे/वृद्धौ’
द्यावापृथिवीHeaven-and-Earth (the two worlds)
द्यावापृथिवी:
Kartā
TypeNoun (dual compound)
Rootद्यावापृथिवी (समासः: द्यावा + पृथिवी)
इहhere
इह:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
ज्येष्ठेin the highest/foremost (place/state)
ज्येष्ठे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) < ज्यायस् (वृद्धतर)
रुचाwith light, with radiance
रुचा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootरुच् (प्रातिपदिक) < √रुच् ‘दीप्तौ/रुचौ’
भवताम्be (you two)
भवताम्:
(क्रिया) —
TypeVerb
Root√भू ‘सत्तायाम्’
शुचयद्भिःwith purifying/brightening
शुचयद्भिः:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective (participle)
Rootशुचयत् (कृदन्त) < √शुच् ‘शौचे/दीप्तौ’ (णिच्)
अर्कैःwith hymns/songs of praise
अर्कैः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअर्क (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्when/that (which)
यत्:
— (सम्बन्धक)
TypeIndeclinable (relative) / pronoun form
Rootयद् (सम्बन्ध/यत्-शब्द)
सीम्indeed, just, them
सीम्:
TypeIndeclinable (enclitic particle)
Rootसीम्
वरिष्ठेin the most excellent (place/state)
वरिष्ठे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootवरिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक) < वर (श्रेष्ठ) + इष्ठ (तमप्)
बृहतीthe two lofty/great (ones)
बृहती:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहती (प्रातिपदिक) < √बृह् ‘वृद्धौ’
विमिन्वन्measuring out, meting out (expanding by measure)
विमिन्वन्:
Kartā (सहायक-कर्तृभावे)
TypeParticiple
Rootविमिन्वत् (कृदन्त) < वि + √मि/मिन् ‘मापन/विस्तार’ (वेदिक)
रुवद्धोक्षाthe bellowing milker (one who milks with a roar)
रुवद्धोक्षा:
Kartā (उपमान/विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeCompound (bahuvrīhi/karmadhāraya-like epithet)
Rootरुवत् (कृदन्त) < √रु ‘शब्दे’ + धोक्षा (प्रातिपदिक; वेदिक ‘दोहक/दुग्धकर्ता’ < √दुह् ‘दोहने’)
पप्रथानॆभिःwith those that have spread out/expanded
पप्रथानॆभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeParticiple
Rootपप्रथान (कृदन्त/भूतपूर्व) < √प्रथ् ‘विस्तारे’ (परस्मैपदी)
एवैःwith these very (ones/means)
एवैः:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun/particle-like nominal
Rootएव (प्रातिपदिक; वेदिक ‘एव’ = ‘एवम्/एव’), here as instrumental plural

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