Rig Veda 4.30.17: Mandala 4, Sukta 30, Mantra 17

Sukta 4.30

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उत त्या तुर्वशायदू अस्नातारा शचीपतिः । इन्द्रो विद्वाँ अपारयत् ॥

Transliteration

utá tyā́ turvaśā́yadū́ asnātā́rā śacī́patiḥ | índro vidvā́n apārayat ||

Translation

Lại nữa, Turvaśa và Yadu, những kẻ chưa vượt qua—Indra, Śacīpati (chúa tể của sức mạnh rực sáng), bậc biết đường, đã đưa họ qua bờ an toàn; Ngài chở những vận động tìm cầu vượt khỏi lối qua hiểm nguy.

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Word by Word

• उत: and; also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (avyaya)

• त्या: those (women)
• त्या: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun/Determiner
• Root: तद् (sarvanāman)

• तुर्वशा: (the two) Turvaśa(s)
• तुर्वशा: Kartā
• Type: Proper Noun (ethnonym)
• Root: तुर्वश (tribal name prātipadika)

• यदू: (the two) Yadu(s)
• यदू: Kartā
• Type: Proper Noun (ethnonym)
• Root: यदु (tribal name prātipadika)

• अस्नातारा: the two unbathed/uncleansed ones
• अस्नातारा: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अस्नातार (prātipadika; from √स्ना ‘to bathe’ with privative a-; ‘unbathed/uncleansed’)

• शचीपतिः: Śacī’s lord (Indra)
• शचीपतिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: शचीपति (compound prātipadika: शची + पति)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (prātipadika)

• विद्वान्: knowing; wise
• विद्वान्: Kartā
• Type: Participle (adjectival)
• Root: √विद् ‘to know’ → विद्वस् (present active participle prātipadika)

• अपारयत्: (he) caused to cross; brought across
• अपारयत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अप + √पॄ/पारय् (causative of √पॄ/पॄ ‘to carry across, bring over’; Vedic causative ‘to cause to cross’)