Shloka 55

त्रिशिरा-प्रबोधनम् तथा नरान्तक-वधः

Trisira’s Counsel and the Slaying of Naranthaka

Devanagari script

विकीर्णैःपर्वताकारैरक्षोभिररिमर्दनैः ।।।।आसीद्वसुमतीपूर्णातदायुद्धमदान्वितैः ।

Transliteration

vikīrṇaiḥ parvatākārair akṣobhir arimardanaiḥ | āsīd vasumatī pūrṇā tadā yuddha-madānvitaiḥ ||

Translation

Bấy giờ, mặt đất khắp nơi rải đầy những thân hình Rākṣasa to lớn như núi, kiên cường không lay chuyển, nghiền nát quân thù, say men kiêu hãnh của chiến trận.

Word by Word

• vikīrṇaiḥ: scattered, strewn
• vikīrṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vikīrṇa (कृदन्त; √kṝ/कॄ "to scatter" + vi-; past passive participle)
• Form: Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (Plural/बहुवचन), Puṃliṅga/napuṃsakaliṅga-sādhāraṇa (agreeing with rākṣasaiḥ implied by akṣobhiḥ etc.)

• parvata-ākāraiḥ: with mountain-like forms
• parvata-ākāraiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parvata (प्रातिपदिक) + ākāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) "parvata-sadṛśa-ākāra"; Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/तृतीया), Bahuvacana; Puṃliṅga (agreeing with akṣobhiḥ)

• akṣobhiḥ: by/with the unshakable ones (Rakshasas)
• akṣobhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: akṣobha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/तृतीया), Bahuvacana (Plural/बहुवचन)

• ari-mardanaiḥ: enemy-crushing
• ari-mardanaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ari (प्रातिपदिक) + mardana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) "ariṇāṃ mardana"; Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana (qualifying akṣobhiḥ)

• āsīt: was, became
• āsīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ-lakāra (Imperfect/लङ्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)

• vasumatī: the earth
• vasumatī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vasumatī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (Feminine/स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Prathamā (Nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (Singular/एकवचन)

• pūrṇā: full, covered
• pūrṇā: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pūrṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; agrees with vasumatī

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Kāla-avyaya (temporal adverb/काल-अव्यय)

• yuddha-mada-anvitaiḥ: endowed with the intoxication of battle
• yuddha-mada-anvitaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yuddha (प्रातिपदिक) + mada (प्रातिपदिक) + anvita (कृदन्त; √i/इ "to go" with anu-; PPP used adjectivally = 'endowed with')
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) "yuddhasya madaḥ" + anvita; Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; Puṃliṅga (qualifying akṣobhiḥ etc.)

Context

There, the battlefield was filled with mountain like forms of Rakshasas drunk with the pride of warfare, lying scattered all over.

Characters & Entities

• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse warns against yuddha-mada—intoxication with violent pride—showing how arrogance in conflict ends in ruin and suffering.

What is the narrative situation?

A battlefield tableau: after fierce fighting, the ground is covered with fallen Rākṣasas described as massive and formidable.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Implicitly, steadiness over pride: true martial virtue aligns with disciplined duty, not intoxicated aggression.