Shloka 37

युद्धकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Rāvaṇa’s Assault on Nīla and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān Bears Rāma

Devanagari script

तच्छैलशृङ्गंबहुवृक्षसानुंप्रगृह्यचिक्षेपनिशाचराय ।तमापतन्तंसहसासमीक्ष्यचिच्छेदबाणैस्तपनीयपुङ्खैः ।।6.59.37।।

Transliteration

tac chailaśṛṅgaṃ bahuvṛkṣasānuṃ pragṛhya cikṣepa niśācarāya | tam āpatantaṃ sahasā samīkṣya ciccheda bāṇais tapanīyapuṅkhaiḥ ||6.59.37||

Translation

Nắm lấy mỏm núi ấy, sườn dày cây cối, Sugrīva ném mạnh về phía kẻ dạ hành; thấy nó ập đến, Rāvaṇa lập tức dùng những mũi tên có cán vàng chém vỡ tan.

Word by Word

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; śailaśṛṅgam इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• śaila-śṛṅgam: mountain peak
• śaila-śṛṅgam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaila (प्रातिपदिक) + śṛṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; अर्थः: शैलस्य शृङ्गम्

• bahu-vṛkṣa-sānum: with slopes full of many trees
• bahu-vṛkṣa-sānum: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + sānu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; śailaśṛṅgam इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; अर्थः: बहवो वृक्षाः यस्मिन् सानौ

• pragṛhya: having seized
• pragṛhya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√grah (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• cikṣepa: hurled
• cikṣepa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṣip (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• niśācarāya: at the night-ranger (Rakshasa)
• niśācarāya: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niśācara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• āpatantam: rushing toward
• āpatantam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ā-√pat (धातु)
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• sahasā: quickly
• sahasā: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय

• samīkṣya: having seen
• samīkṣya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-√īkṣ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• ciccheda: cut/broke
• ciccheda: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √chid (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• bāṇaiḥ: with arrows
• bāṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• tapanīya-puṅkhaiḥ: with golden shafts/feathers
• tapanīya-puṅkhaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tapanīya (प्रातिपदिक) + puṅkha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; bāṇaiḥ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; अर्थः: तपनीयस्य (स्वर्णस्य) पुङ्खाः येषाम्

Context

Seizing mountain tops whose slopes were filled with trees Sugriva hurled at the night rangers. Watching this Ravana quickly broke them with his arrows fixed with golden shafts.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Rāvaṇa
• Rākṣasa (niśācara)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

In dharmic warfare, strength must be guided by skill and restraint; raw force meets disciplined counter-force.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva’s thrown mountain-peak is intercepted mid-flight; Rāvaṇa demonstrates superior archery by fragmenting it.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Martial competence: Sugrīva’s bold initiative and Rāvaṇa’s technical mastery with the bow.